Aromatics from Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Platform for High-Performance Thermosets
Aromatics from Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Platform for High-Performance Thermosets
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DOI：
10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c04817
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发表时间：
2020-10-12
影响因子：
8.4
通讯作者：
Epps, Thomas H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mahajan, Jignesh S.;O'Dea, Robert M.;Epps, Thomas H.
可再生和可持续热固性材料的热机械性能相当于或优于现有的石油衍生商业热固性材料，这对于减轻对环境和人类健康的影响是可取的。目前的生物衍生或生物基热固性材料通常是脂肪族/环脂肪族的，缺乏与传统芳烃（如双酚a）制造的材料竞争所必需的坚固结构特征。木质纤维素生物质（LCB）是生产平台芳香化学品（例如木质素中的酚类，纤维素中的呋喃类）的最丰富的可再生原料，是理想的可持续原料。高性能应用中石油衍生成分的生物基替代品。本展望提供了lcb衍生芳香单体的概述，包括环氧树脂、氰酸酯、乙烯基酯、苯并恶嗪和环状碳酸盐，并将相应材料与市售热固性材料进行了基准测试。此外，还讨论了减少环境影响的绿色合成方法，增加多功能性的稳健加工方法，指导材料设计的结构-性能关系，以及提高热固性材料可回收性的生命周期管理策略，以及推进生物基热固性材料商业相关性的其他途径。例如，强调了生物基单体固有功能对毒性和环境因素的积极影响，以及利用实验和计算活动之间协同作用的机会。
Renewable and sustainable thermosets with thermomechanical properties that are equivalent to, or better than, those of petroleum-derived commercial incumbents are desirable to mitigate environmental and human health impacts. Current bioderivable or biobased thermosets typically are aliphatic/cycloaliphatic and lack the robust structural features necessary to generate materials competitive with those made from conventional aromatics such as bisphenol A. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is the most abundant, renewable feedstock for the production of platform aromatic chemicals (e.g., phenolics from lignin, furanics from cellulosics) which are ideal as sustainable, biobased alternatives to petroleum-derived constituents for high-performance applications. This Perspective provides an overview of LCB-derivable aromatic monomers, including epoxies, cyanate esters, vinyl esters, benzoxazines, and cyclic carbonates, and it benchmarks the corresponding materials against commercially available thermosets. Furthermore, green synthesis approaches to minimize environmental impacts, robust processing methods to increase versatility, structure-property relationships to guide materials design, and life-cycle management strategies to improve the recyclability of thermosets are discussed, along with additional avenues to advance the commercial relevance of biobased thermosets. For instance, the positive impacts of the inherent functionality in biobased monomers on toxicity and environmental considerations, as well as opportunities to leverage the synergies between experimental and computational activities, are highlighted.