Immediate Effects of Repetitive Magnetic Stimulation on Single Cortical Pyramidal Neurons.
Immediate Effects of Repetitive Magnetic Stimulation on Single Cortical Pyramidal Neurons.
复制标题
重复磁刺激对单皮质锥体神经元的直接影响。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0170528
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Pelled G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Banerjee J;Sorrell ME;Celnik PA;Pelled G
重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）已成功地用作临床上几种神经系统疾病的非侵入性治疗干预以及基础神经科学的研究工具。rTMS已显示在体内诱导神经元回路的长期变化。已经使用行为、成像、电生理和分子方法研究了rTMS的这种长期效应，但是对TMS对神经元的直接效应的理解有限。我们研究了高频（20 Hz）rTMS对皮层神经元活动的直接影响，以了解rTMS激活的潜在细胞机制。我们使用急性大鼠脑切片的全细胞膜片钳记录和培养的原代神经元的钙成像来分别检查神经元活动和细胞内钙的变化。我们的结果表明，每个TMS脉冲引起神经元中电压门控钠通道的立即和短暂激活（9.6 ± 1.8nA，-45mV，p值< 0.01）。短的500 ms 20 Hz rTMS刺激在神经元亚群中诱导动作电位，并在接近阈值电压下显著增加神经元的稳态电流（-45 mV：TMS前：I = 130 ± 17 pA，TMS期间：I = 215 ± 23 pA，p值= 0.001）。rTMS刺激还导致细胞内钙的延迟增加（较基线增加153.88 ± 61.94%）。这些结果表明，rTMS对神经元活性和细胞内钙水平具有即时和累积效应，并表明rTMS与额外的运动、感觉或认知刺激结合时可增强神经元反应。因此，这些结果可以转化为优化rTMS协议的临床以及基础科学应用。
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) has been successfully used as a non-invasive therapeutic intervention for several neurological disorders in the clinic as well as an investigative tool for basic neuroscience. rTMS has been shown to induce long-term changes in neuronal circuits in vivo. Such long-term effects of rTMS have been investigated using behavioral, imaging, electrophysiological, and molecular approaches, but there is limited understanding of the immediate effects of TMS on neurons. We investigated the immediate effects of high frequency (20 Hz) rTMS on the activity of cortical neurons in an effort to understand the underlying cellular mechanisms activated by rTMS. We used whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in acute rat brain slices and calcium imaging of cultured primary neurons to examine changes in neuronal activity and intracellular calcium respectively. Our results indicate that each TMS pulse caused an immediate and transient activation of voltage gated sodium channels (9.6 ± 1.8 nA at -45 mV, p value < 0.01) in neurons. Short 500 ms 20 Hz rTMS stimulation induced action potentials in a subpopulation of neurons, and significantly increased the steady state current of the neurons at near threshold voltages (at -45 mV: before TMS: I = 130 ± 17 pA, during TMS: I = 215 ± 23 pA, p value = 0.001). rTMS stimulation also led to a delayed increase in intracellular calcium (153.88 ± 61.94% increase from baseline). These results show that rTMS has an immediate and cumulative effect on neuronal activity and intracellular calcium levels, and suggest that rTMS may enhance neuronal responses when combined with an additional motor, sensory or cognitive stimulus. Thus, these results could be translated to optimize rTMS protocols for clinical as well as basic science applications.