Global assessment of the carbon–water tradeoff of dry cooling for thermal power generation
Global assessment of the carbon–water tradeoff of dry cooling for thermal power generation
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DOI：
10.1038/s44221-023-00120-6
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发表时间：
2023-08
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yue Qin;Yaoping Wang;Shiyu Li;Hang Deng;N. Wanders;J. Bosmans;Liangdian Huang;C. Hong;E. B
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文献类型：
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作者：
Yue Qin;Yaoping Wang;Shiyu Li;Hang Deng;N. Wanders;J. Bosmans;Liangdian Huang;C. Hong;E. B
水资源短缺和气候变化是可能威胁能源安全的双重挑战。然而，在高度空间异质性下将不同的水和碳减排技术结合起来的综合水碳管理框架在很大程度上还不够发达。在这里，我们建立了一个全球单位级框架，以调查由于部署干冷却（一种关键的节水策略）以及气候情景下的替代水源以及碳捕获和储存而造成的二氧化碳排放和能源损失。我们发现，干式冷却装置的二氧化碳排放和能源损失因地点和气候而异（例如，功率输出的 1-15%），通常表现出比温度升高明显更快的效率损失，特别是在气候变化严重的情况下。尽管与替代水处理以及碳捕获和储存利用相关的能源和二氧化碳惩罚，增加废水和盐水的可及性为缓解水资源短缺提供了干冷却的潜在替代方案，而当替代水供应不足时，二氧化碳储存可以帮助减轻与干冷却相关的二氧化碳排放权衡。通过展示综合规划框架，我们的研究强调了在相互关联的水碳双重挑战下综合电力部门规划的重要性。
Water scarcity and climate change are dual challenges that could potentially threaten energy security. Yet, integrated water–carbon management frameworks coupling diverse water- and carbon-mitigation technologies at high spatial heterogeneity are largely underdeveloped. Here we build a global unit-level framework to investigate the CO2emission and energy penalty due to the deployment of dry cooling—a critical water mitigation strategy—together with alternative water sourcing and carbon capture and storage under climate scenarios. We find that CO2emission and energy penalty for dry cooling units are location and climate specific (for example, 1–15% of power output), often demonstrating notably faster efficiency losses than rising temperature, especially under the high climate change scenario. Despite energy and CO2penalties associated with alternative water treatment and carbon capture and storage utilization, increasing wastewater and brine water accessibility provide potential alternatives to dry cooling for water scarcity alleviation, whereas CO2storage can help to mitigate dry cooling-associated CO2emission tradeoffs when alternative water supply is insufficient. By demonstrating an integrative planning framework, our study highlights the importance of integrated power sector planning under interconnected dual water–carbon challenges.