The fate of completed intentions
The fate of completed intentions
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DOI：
10.1080/09658211.2016.1187756
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Einstein, Gilles O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Francis T.;Einstein, Gilles O.
这项研究的目的是确定人们是否以及如何在完成前瞻记忆（PM）后使其失效。一种观点认为，PM意图可以在完成后被停用，使得它们不再出现在脑海中并干扰当前任务。另一种观点是，现在不相关的已完成的PM意图表现出持续激活，并继续被检索。在实验1中，参与者被赋予一个PM意图嵌入在正在进行的任务在第1阶段，之后参与者被告知，PM任务已经完成或暂停，直到后来。在第二阶段，参与者被指示只执行正在进行的任务，并定期提示报告他们的想法。关键的是，第1阶段的PM目标在第2阶段再次出现。我们所有的测量，包括报告的关于PM任务的想法，都支持持续激活的存在。在实验2中，我们改变了预期减轻持续激活的条件。尽管我们尽了最大的努力来促进去激活，但我们发现了所有群体在意图完成后自发提取持续存在的证据。这种潜在的黑暗面自发检索的理论和实践意义进行了讨论。
The goal of this research was to determine whether and how people deactivate prospective memory ( PM) intentions after they have been completed. One view proposes that PM intentions can be deactivated after completion, such that they no longer come to mind and interfere with current tasks. Another view is that now irrelevant completed PM intentions exhibit persisting activation, and continue to be retrieved. In Experiment 1, participants were given a PM intention embedded within the ongoing task during Phase 1, after which participants were told either that the PM task had been completed or suspended until later. During Phase 2, participants were instructed to perform only the ongoing task and were periodically prompted to report their thoughts. Critically, the PM targets from Phase 1 reappeared in Phase 2. All of our measures, including thoughts reported about the PM task, supported the existence of persisting activation. In Experiment 2, we varied conditions that were expected to mitigate persisting activation. Despite our best attempts to promote deactivation, we found evidence for the persistence of spontaneous retrieval in all groups after intentions were completed. The theoretical and practical implications of this potential dark side to spontaneous retrieval are discussed.