Here comes the sun: multimodal displays are associated with sunlight incidence
Here comes the sun: multimodal displays are associated with sunlight incidence
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太阳来了：多模式显示与阳光入射有关
DOI：
10.1007/s00265-013-1574-x
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
R. Macedo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Sicsú;L. Manica;Rafael Maia;R. Macedo
动物求偶信号的明显性可能是为了最大限度地吸引配偶，同时最大限度地减少捕食者的发现。据推测，虽然在很大程度上是未知的，环境和光度条件会影响装饰品和运动显示器的可检测性，因此可能会强烈影响行为。我们结合视觉模型和行为观察来测试蓝黑色草裙（Volatinia jacarina）的多模态显示是否受环境条件的影响，预测男性应该在阳光照射到他们身体的时刻更频繁地显示。通过以这种依赖于环境的方式展示，雄性将能够最大限度地提高其彩虹色蓝黑色羽毛的显眼性，并避免连续展示，因为后者将涉及更高的能量投资。我们记录了率的完整显示（跳跃与唱歌）以及不完整的（唱歌，而栖息）男性在重复的30分钟的焦点观察在不同的环境条件下，在外地。我们发现，当直接沐浴在阳光下，男性增加了他们的显示率，往往表现出更完整的，而不是不完整的显示在这种情况下，并建议显示类型之间的潜在权衡。我们的研究结果表明，动物可能会调整信号活动的时间和精确位置，以提高效率或检测某些信号元素的可能性。
Conspicuousness of courtship signals in animals likely evolved to maximize mate attraction while minimizing predator detection. It is assumed, though largely unknown, that environmental and luminosity conditions affect the detectability of ornaments and motor displays and could thus strongly influence behavior. We combined visual models and behavioral observations to test whether the multimodal display of the blue-black grassquit (Volatinia jacarina) is influenced by environmental conditions, predicting that males should display more often in moments with high sunlight incidence upon their bodies. By displaying in such a context-dependent fashion, males would be able to maximize conspicuousness of their iridescent blue-black plumage and avoid displaying continuously, since the latter would involve higher energetic investment. We recorded the rates of both complete displays (leap with singing) as well as incomplete ones (singing while perched) for males during repeated 30-min focal observations in varying environmental situations in the field. We found that when bathed directly in sunlight, males increased their rates of displays, tending to exhibit more complete rather than incomplete displays in this condition and suggesting a potential trade-off between display types. Our results suggest that animals may adjust the timing and precise location of signal activity to improve the efficiency or likelihood of detection of some signal elements.