Chimpanzee Extraversion scores vary with epigenetic modification of dopamine receptor gene D2 ( DRD2 ) and early rearing conditions
Chimpanzee Extraversion scores vary with epigenetic modification of dopamine receptor gene D2 ( DRD2 ) and early rearing conditions
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黑猩猩的外向性得分随多巴胺受体基因D2（DRD2）的表观遗传修饰和早期饲养条件而变化。
DOI：
10.1080/15592294.2022.2058224
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bradley, Brenda J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Staes, Nicky;White, Cassandra M.;Guevara, Elaine E;Eens, Marcel;Hopkins, William D.;Schapiro, Steven J.;Stevens, Jeroen M.G.;Sherwood, Chet C.;Bradley, Brenda J
黑猩猩在行为上有一致的个体差异，也被称为个性。与人类人格结构类似，在黑猩猩的研究中，通常发现有五个维度显示出收敛和预测有效性的证据（支配性、开放性、外向性、宜人性和反应性/不可靠性）。这些维度在某种程度上是可遗传的，表明遗传成分可以解释人格分数的部分变化，但也受到环境因素的影响，例如个人早期的社会抚养背景。在这项研究中，我们研究了51只圈养黑猩猩多巴胺受体D2基因（DRD2）的表观遗传修饰作为人格变异的潜在机制的作用。我们使用先前收集的人格特质评级数据，并确定了这些人外周血样本中drd2cpg甲基化水平。结果表明，drd2甲基化与外向性的关系最为密切，并且特定drd2位点甲基化水平的变化与托儿所抚养的个体的外向性变化有关，而与母亲抚养的个体无关。这些结果强调了多巴胺能信号在黑猩猩性格中的作用，并表明环境因素，如生命早期的社会经历，可能通过改变表观基因组产生长期的行为影响。这些发现增加了越来越多的证据，证明了依赖经验的甲基组对人格等复杂社会特征发展的重要性。
Chimpanzees have consistent individual differences in behaviour, also referred to as personality. Similar to human personality structure, five dimensions are commonly found in chimpanzee studies that show evidence for convergent and predictive validity (Dominance, Openness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Reactivity/Undependability). These dimensions are to some extent heritable, indicating a genetic component that explains part of the variation in personality scores, but are also influenced by environmental factors, such as the early social rearing background of the individuals. In this study, we investigated the role of epigenetic modification of the dopamine receptor D2 gene (DRD2) as a potential mechanism underlying personality variation in 51 captive chimpanzees. We used previously collected personality trait rating data and determined levels ofDRD2CpG methylation in peripheral blood samples for these same individuals. Results showed thatDRD2methylation is most strongly associated with Extraversion, and that varying methylation levels at specificDRD2sites are associated with changes in Extraversion in nursery-reared, but not mother-reared, individuals. These results highlight the role of dopaminergic signalling in chimpanzee personality, and indicate that environmental factors, such as social experiences early in life, can have long-lasting behavioural effects, potentially through modification of the epigenome. These findings add to the growing evidence demonstrating the importance of the experience-dependent methylome for the development of complex social traits like personality.