Low body mass index in non-meat eaters: the possible roles of animal fat, dietary fibre and alcohol
Low body mass index in non-meat eaters: the possible roles of animal fat, dietary fibre and alcohol
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.ijo.0800607
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Key, TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Appleby, PN;Thorogood, M;Key, TJ
目的：利用牛津素食研究的数据，检验饮食和其他生活方式因素与体重指数 (BMI) 的关系。受试者：1914 名男性和 3378 名女性非吸烟者，年龄在 20-89 岁之间。测量：所有受试者在招募时都完成了一份饮食/生活方式调查问卷，详细介绍了他们的日常饮食和其他特征，包括身高和体重、吸烟和饮酒习惯、运动量、职业和生殖能力。历史。使用食物频率问卷的答案将受试者分类为肉食者或非肉食者，并估计动物脂肪和膳食纤维的摄入量。根据饮酒量、运动水平、社会阶层、既往吸烟习惯和胎次对受试者进行进一步分类。 结果：无论男性还是女性，所有年龄段的非肉食者的平均 BMI 均低于肉食者。男性肉食者和非肉食者的总体年龄调整平均BMI（以kg/m（2）计）分别为23.18和22.05（P <0.0001），女性肉食者和非肉食者分别为22.32和21.32（P <0.0001）。除了肉类消费之外，膳食纤维摄入量、动物脂肪摄入量、社会阶层和既往吸烟史均与男性和女性的 BMI 独立相关；男性的饮酒量与 BMI 独立相关，女性的胎次与 BMI 独立相关。调整这些因素后，男性肉食者和非肉食者的平均 BMI 差异减少了 36%，女性减少了 31%。 结论：非肉食者比肉食者更瘦。这可能部分是由于膳食纤维的摄入量较高、动物脂肪的摄入量较低以及仅男性的酒精摄入量较低。
OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations of diet and other lifestyle factors with body mass index (BMI) using data from the Oxford Vegetarian Study.SUBJECTS: 1914 male and 3378 female non-smokers aged 20-89 y at recruitment to the study.MEASUREMENTS: All subjects completed a diet/lifestyle questionnaire at recruitment giving details of their usual diet and other characteristics including height and weight, smoking and drinking habits, amount of exercise, occupation and reproductive history. Answers to the food frequency questionnaire were used to classify subjects as either meat eaters or non-meat eaters, and to estimate intakes of animal fat and dietary fibre, Subjects were further classified according to their alcohol consumption, exercise level, social class, past smoking habits and parity.RESULTS: Mean BMI was lower in non-meat eaters than in meat eaters in all age groups for both men and women. Overall age-adjusted mean BMIs in kg/m(2) were 23.18 and 22.05 for male meat eaters and non-meat eaters respectively (P < 0.0001) and 22.32 and 21.32 for female meat eaters and non-meat eaters respectively (P < 0.0001). In addition to meat consumption, dietary fibre intake, animal fat intake, social class and past smoking were all independently associated with BMI in both men and women; alcohol consumption was independently associated with BMI in men, and parity was independently associated with BMI in women, After adjusting for these factors, the differences in mean BMI between meat eaters and non-meat eaters were reduced by 36% in men and 31% in women.CONCLUSIONS: Non-meat eaters are thinner than meat eaters. This may be partly due to a higher intake of dietary fibre, a lower intake of animal fat, and only in men a lower intake of alcohol.