Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians
Multicomponent exercises including muscle power training enhance muscle mass, power output, and functional outcomes in institutionalized frail nonagenarians
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DOI：
10.1007/s11357-013-9586-z
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Izquierdo, Mikel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cadore, Eduardo L.;Casas-Herrero, Alvaro;Izquierdo, Mikel
这项随机对照试验检验了多组分训练对肌肉力量输出、肌肉质量和肌肉组织衰减的影响；跌倒的危险；以及身体虚弱的90多岁老人的功能结果。24例老年人（91.9±4.1岁）随机分为干预组和对照组。干预组每周进行两次，为期12周的多组分锻炼计划，包括肌肉力量训练（8-10次重复，每次最多重复40- 60%），以及平衡和步态再训练。对上肢和下肢进行力量和功率测试。步态速度评估采用5米习惯性步态和时间-up-and-go （TUG）测试，有和没有双任务性能。使用FICSIT-4测试评估平衡性。对从椅子上站起来的能力进行了评估，并使用问卷对跌倒的发生率和风险进行了评估。在测量前用Barthel指数评估功能状态。使用计算机断层扫描评估大腿中部下肢肌肉质量和肌肉脂肪浸润。干预组在单任务和双任务上的TUG、起身和平衡能力均有显著提高（P < 0.01），跌倒发生率降低。此外，干预组肌肉力量和肌力明显增强（P < 0.01）。此外，干预组的总肌横截面积和高密度肌横截面积均有显著增加。对照组显著降低了力量和功能预后。常规的多组分运动干预应该给九十岁以上的人开处方，因为这个人群的整体身体状况得到了改善。
This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of multicomponent training on muscle power output, muscle mass, and muscle tissue attenuation; the risk of falls; and functional outcomes in frail nonagenarians. Twenty-four elderly (91.9 +/- 4.1 years old) were randomized into intervention or control group. The intervention group performed a twice-weekly, 12-week multicomponent exercise program composed of muscle power training (8-10 repetitions, 40-60 % of the one-repetition maximum) combined with balance and gait retraining. Strength and power tests were performed on the upper and lower limbs. Gait velocity was assessed using the 5-m habitual gait and the time-up-and-go (TUG) tests with and without dual-task performance. Balance was assessed using the FICSIT-4 tests. The ability to rise from a chair test was assessed, and data on the incidence and risk of falls were assessed using questionnaires. Functional status was assessed before measurements with the Barthel Index. Midthigh lower extremity muscle mass and muscle fat infiltration were assessed using computed tomography. The intervention group showed significantly improved TUG with single and dual tasks, rise from a chair and balance performance (P < 0.01), and a reduced incidence of falls. In addition, the intervention group showed enhanced muscle power and strength (P < 0.01). Moreover, there were significant increases in the total and high-density muscle cross-sectional area in the intervention group. The control group significantly reduced strength and functional outcomes. Routine multicomponent exercise intervention should be prescribed to nonagenarians because overall physical outcomes are improved in this population.