A comparative functional approach to the host detection behaviour of parasitic wasps. 1. A qualitative study on Eucoilidae and Alysiinae
A comparative functional approach to the host detection behaviour of parasitic wasps. 1. A qualitative study on Eucoilidae and Alysiinae
复制标题
寄生黄蜂宿主检测行为的比较功能方法。
作者：
L. Vet;J. Alphen
我们研究了为蝇幼虫的内寄生幼虫的卵卵科和真核科的寄主检测行为，并调查了这种行为是由它们的下降决定的还是可以被认为是对不同环境的适应。采用定性行为变量，比较了不同双翅目寄主、不同微生境的32种艾赖氨酸和25种真核科植物雌虫的搜寻行为。检测到三种主要的搜索方式：趋振搜索、诱卵搜索和触须搜索，并根据不同的搜索方式对寄主幼虫的检测作用进行分类。搜索方式在很大程度上取决于物种的分类位置。在大多数情况下，属于一个属的物种表现出相似的行为模式。然而，我们也遇到了辐射的例子；密切相关的物种却以不同的方式搜索。这三种搜索方式的功能至今尚未阐明。因此，我们不能说在不相关的物种中相似的搜索模式是适应性收敛的例子。特别是在拟寄生物中，我们发现生活在同一微栖息地的不同物种之间的搜索行为存在很大差异。我们认为，包括宿主检测行为在内的所有搜索水平的差异可能有助于生态位分离，并为不同的寄生蜂物种在同一微生境中共存创造了可能性，即使它们攻击同一宿主物种。
We studied host detection behaviour in Alysiinae (Braconidae; Ichneumonoidea) and Eucoilidae (Cynipoidea), the larvae of which are endoparasitoids of fly larvae and investigated whether this behaviour is determined by their descent or can be considered an adaptation to different environments. We compared the searching behaviour of females of 32 alysiine and 25 eucoilid species from a variety of microhabitats and from different dipteran hosts by using qualitative behavioural variables. Three main modes of searching were detected: vibrotaxis, ovipositor searching and antennal searching, and the species could be classified according to the role these different modes play in the detection of host larvae. The searching modes are largely dependent upon the taxonomic position of the species. In most cases species belonging to one genus show a similar behaviour pattern. However, we also encountered examples of radiation; closely related species that search differently. The function of the three searching modes has not been elucidated so far. Therefore we cannot say that similar searching modes in unrelated species are examples of adaptive convergence. Especially in Drosophila parasitoids we encountered great differences in searching behaviour between different species living in the same microhabitat. We believe differences at all levels of searching, including host detection behaviour may contribute to niche segregation and create possibilites for different parasitoid species to coexist in the same microhabitat, even when they attack the same host species.