HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE - A REVIEW OF ITS USE IN DENTISTRY
HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE - A REVIEW OF ITS USE IN DENTISTRY
复制标题
DOI：
10.1902/jop.1995.66.9.786
复制
发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
FISCHMAN, SL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MARSHALL, MV;CANCRO, LP;FISCHMAN, SL
几种含有过氧化氢的牙膏目前正在上市，但含有(或产生)过氧化氢的漂白剂的使用增加促使对过氧化氢在口腔卫生中使用的安全性进行了审查。每天接触牙膏中低水平的过氧化氢比长期接触含有或产生高水平过氧化氢的漂白剂要低得多。70多年来，过氧化氢一直单独或与盐一起用于牙科。在长达6年的时间里，每天使用3%或更少的过氧化氢的研究表明，只有在少数先前存在溃疡的受试者中，或者同时服用高水平的盐溶液时，才会偶尔产生短暂的刺激效应。相比之下，使用或产生高水平的过氧化氢或有机过氧化物的漂白剂，如果处理不当，在持续暴露后可能会产生局部的口腔毒性。基于动物研究，已经提出了与长时间使用过氧化氢有关的潜在健康问题。从一项使用仓鼠面颊袋模型的单一研究来看，30%的过氧化氢被认为是口腔粘膜中的一种致癌物质。这项(和后来的)研究表明，在3%或更低的水平下，在仓鼠面颊袋中没有观察到长期暴露于过氧化氢后的致癌活性或不良反应，在患者中，延长过氧化氢的使用时间可以减少菌斑和牙周炎。然而，为了预防牙周病，过氧化氢的治疗性输送需要机械进入牙龈下袋，此外，由于局部应用过氧化氢的抗菌作用，牙龈手术后的伤口愈合得到了促进。对于大多数受试者来说，当过氧化氢水平超过1%时，就会看到有益的效果。
SEVERAL DENTIFRICES THAT CONTAIN HYDROGEN PEROXIDE are currently being marketed, The increased use of bleaching agents containing (or generating) H2O2 prompted this review of the safety of H2O2 when used in oral hygiene. Daily exposure to the low levels of H2O2 present in dentifrices is much lower than that of bleaching agents that contain or produce high levels of H2O2 for an extended period of time. Hydrogen peroxide has been used in dentistry alone or in combination with salts for over 70 years. Studies in which 3% H2O2 or less were used daily for up to 6 years showed occasional transitory irritant effects only in a small number of subjects with preexisting ulceration, or when high levels of salt solutions were concurrently administered. In contrast, bleaching agents that employ or generate high levels of H2O2 or organic peroxides can produce localized oral toxicity following sustained exposure if mishandled. Potential health concerns related to prolonged hydrogen peroxide use have been raised, based on animal studies. From a single study using the hamster cheek pouch model, 30% H2O2 was referred to as a cocarcinogen in the oral mucosa. This (and later) studies have shown that at 3% or less, no cocarcinogenic activity or adverse effects were observed in the hamster cheek pouch following lengthy exposure to H2O2, In patients, prolonged use of hydrogen peroxide decreased plaque and gingivitis is indices. However, therapeutic delivery of H2O2 to prevent periodontal disease required mechanical access to subgingival pockets, Furthermore, wound healing following gingival surgery was enhanced due to the antimicrobial effects of topically administered hydrogen peroxide. For most subjects, beneficial effects were seen with H2O2 levels above 1%.