Water blocking damage in hydraulically fractured tight sand gas reservoirs: An example from Perth Basin, Western Australia
Water blocking damage in hydraulically fractured tight sand gas reservoirs: An example from Perth Basin, Western Australia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.petrol.2012.04.002
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Clennell, Ben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bahrami, Hassan;Rezaee, Reza;Clennell, Ben
致密气藏由于基质渗透率低，在钻井、完井和增产作业过程中损害机理不同，通常存在生产问题。因此，如果没有生产优化和先进的完井技术，它们可能无法以商业速度生产天然气。致密地层具有小的孔喉尺寸，具有显著的毛细管压力能量吸力，其在毛细管孔隙中吸收和保持液体。由于水锁损害和粘土膨胀，液体从井筒泄漏到地层中会损害近井筒的渗透率，即使在水力压裂的致密气藏中，它也会显著降低井的产能。基于典型的西澳大利亚致密气藏数据进行单井储层模拟，以了解水侵入地层如何影响非压裂和水力压裂致密气藏的油井生产动态。以西澳大利亚致密气藏为例，分析了低渗透砂岩储层水力压裂增产过程中伤害控制的重要性，指出了水黑是致密气藏的主要伤害机理。在水敏性致密砂岩地层中，损害控制是必不可少的，并且在水力压裂操作期间过量水漏入地层的情况下可能无法实现井产能的提高。皇冠版权所有（c）2012由爱思唯尔B.V.出版保留所有权利。
Tight gas reservoirs normally have production problems due to very low matrix permeability and different damage mechanisms during drilling, completion and stimulation operations. Therefore they may not produce gas at commercial rates without production optimization and advanced completion techniques.Tight formations have small pore throat size with significant capillary pressure energy suction that imbibes and holds liquid in the capillary pores. Leak-off of liquid from the wellbore into the formation may damage near wellbore permeability due to water blocking damage and clay swelling, and it can significantly reduce well productivity even in hydraulically fractured tight gas reservoirs.This study presents evaluation of damage mechanisms associated with water invasion and phase trapping in tight gas reservoirs. Single well reservoir simulation is performed based on typical West Australian tight gas formation data, in order to understand how water invasion into the formation affects well production performance in both non-fractured and hydraulically fractured tight gas reservoirs. A field example of hydraulic fracturing in a West Australian tight gas reservoir is shown and the results are analyzed in order to show importance of damage control in hydraulic fracturing stimulation of low permeability sand formations.The study results highlight that water blacking can be a major damage mechanism in tight gas reservoirs. In water sensitive tight sand formations, damage control is essential and the well productivity improvement may not be achieved in the case of excessive water leak-off into formation during hydraulic fracturing operations. Crown Copyright (c) 2012 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.