Genetic characterization of four wild species of Chinese marmots using microsatellite markers
Genetic characterization of four wild species of Chinese marmots using microsatellite markers
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DOI：
10.2478/s11756-012-0088-8
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Liu, Enqi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Yulong;Wang, Zhongdong;Liu, Enqi
土拨鼠是一种大型地鼠，世界上已有14种土拨鼠被报道，其中包括生活在中国地区的4种土拨鼠(喜马拉雅土拨鼠、塔尔巴干土拨鼠、灰旱獭和长尾土拨鼠)。虽然中国拥有丰富的生物资源，但对它们的遗传特征缺乏了解，阻碍了对它们的进一步研究。本研究的目的是评估中国四种野生土拨鼠的遗传变异，并分析这些土拨鼠种群的亲缘关系。在本研究中，我们收集了4种中国野生旱獭的样本，利用13个微卫星座位分析了有效等位基因数、基因多样性、Shannon指数和多态信息，以评估遗传变异。在Nei‘s遗传距离的基础上，利用未加权对组法构建了群体亲缘关系分析的树状图。结果表明，四种旱獭均具有较高的遗传多态，并偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡。将中国土拨鼠分为两大类群：喜马拉雅土拨鼠是独立的类群。塔尔巴干土拨鼠、灰旱獭和长尾土拨鼠是其他物种；塔尔巴干土拨鼠和灰旱獭之间表现出密切的亲缘关系，但长尾土拨鼠与其他物种的亲缘关系并不密切。中国旱獭种群的高度多态和亲缘关系与其栖息地的地理地形有关。喜马拉雅土拨鼠主要生活在青藏高原特有的高寒草甸中，受地形影响较大，而塔尔巴干土拨鼠、灰旱獭和长尾土拨鼠则主要生活在草原或高寒草原，不受地形影响。本研究对中国野生旱獭的遗传特征进行了研究。这为我国野生旱獭资源的保护和生物医学研究的进一步应用提供了利用信息。
Marmots are large ground squirrels, and 14 species have been reported in the world, including four species of marmots (Himalayan marmot, Tarbagan marmot, gray marmot and long-tailed marmot) living in China. Although these biological resources are abundant in China, information regarding their genetic features is lacking, hampering further study regarding them. The aims of this research were to evaluate genetic variations of four species of Chinese wild marmots, and analyzed kinship of these marmot populations. In the current study, we collected samples of four species of Chinese wild marmot and analyzed the effective allele number, gene diversity, the Shannon index, and polymorphism information to evaluate genetic variations using 13 microsatellite loci. Based on Nei's genetic distance using the unweighted pair group method, we constructed a dendrogram to analyze the population kinship. We determined that all four Chinese marmot species had high genetic polymorphisms and departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The Chinese marmots to be divided into two large groups: Himalayan marmot was independent group. Tarbagan marmot, gray marmot and long-tailed marmot were others; Tarbagan marmot and gray marmot showed a close kinship with each other, but long-tailed marmot did not have a close relationship with the other species. The high polymorphisms and the kinship of Chinese marmot populations were correlated with geographical terrain of their habitat. Himalayan marmot was characterized as living in unique alpine meadows in Qinghai-Tibet plateau and was affected by terrain; however, Tarbagan marmot, gray marmot and long-tailed marmot were characterized as living in grassland or alpine grassland and were not affected by terrain. Genetic features of Chinese wild marmots were investigated in this study. This may give using information regarding protection of Chinese wild marmot resource and further application of biomedical research.