Orthorexia Nervosa and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in the United States.
Orthorexia Nervosa and Eating Disorder Symptoms in Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in the United States.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jand.2017.05.001
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发表时间：
2017-10
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
McAdams CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tremelling K;Sandon L;Vega GL;McAdams CJ
营养师接受培训，根据医疗状况和生活方式为客户确定最佳食物选择。神经性厌食症（Orthorexia nervosa，ON）是一种与对健康饮食的痴迷有关的疾病;进食障碍（艾德）是一种严重的精神疾病，症状与进食、身体形象和自尊有关。ON和ED在营养师中比在一般人群中更常见。这项研究检查了美国营养师中ON和ED的患病率，并在该样本中评估了ON症状的存在是否与ED症状相关，包括体重、体形、饮食和克制。一项横断面设计比较了参与者分为三组后的反应：那些得分为ON的风险，那些与当前或过去的艾德，和对照组。2，500名注册营养师被邀请以电子方式完成调查;收到636份回复。RTO-15和进食障碍检查问卷（EDE-Q）的评分确定ON和ED的患病率。比较三组在这些指标和体重指数（BMI）方面的差异。方差分析（ANOVA）和卡方分析比较各组。对于整个样本，ORTO-15的评分表明49.5%的人有ON的风险，EDE-Q的评分表明12.9%的人有艾德的风险，8.2%的营养师自我披露治疗ED。披露艾德治疗的组和有ON风险的组的平均BMI较低，ORTO-15评分低于对照组，EDE-Q及其所有分量表评分高于对照组。澄清ON和ED之间的关系是必要的，因为ON症状似乎不仅与饮食紊乱有关，而且与形状和体重升高有关。
Dietitians are trained to identify optimal food choices for clients based on medical state and lifestyle. Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is a proposed disorder related to obsessions about eating healthfully; eating disorders (ED) are serious mental illnesses with symptoms related to eating, body image, and self-esteem. Both ON and EDs are more common amongst dietitians than the general population. This study examined the prevalence of ON and EDs in dietitians in the United States and, amongst this sample, assessed whether the presence of ON symptoms related to symptoms of EDs, including weight, shape, eating, and restraint. A cross-sectional design compared responses for participants after dividing into three groups: those scoring at-risk for ON, those with a current or past ED, and a comparison group. A sample of 2,500 registered dietitians were invited to complete surveys electronically; 636 responses were received. Scores on the ORTO-15 and Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) determined prevalence of ON and EDs. Differences in these measures, and body mass index (BMI) were compared in the three groups. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Chi-square analyses compared the groups. For the entire sample, scores on the ORTO-15 suggested 49.5% were at risk for ON, and scores on the EDE-Q suggested 12.9% were at risk for an ED, with 8.2% of dietitians self-disclosing treatment for an ED. Both the group disclosing ED treatment and the group at risk for ON had a lower mean BMI, lower scores on the ORTO-15 and higher scores on the EDE-Q and all its subscales than the comparison group. Clarifying the relationship between ON and EDs is warranted, as ON symptoms appear to be associated not only with disturbances in eating but also with elevated shape and weight concerns.
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