Population heterogeneity and dynamics in starter culture and lag phase adaptation of the spoilage yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii to weak acid preservatives.
Population heterogeneity and dynamics in starter culture and lag phase adaptation of the spoilage yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii to weak acid preservatives.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.04.017
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发表时间：
2014-07-02
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Archer DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stratford M;Steels H;Nebe-von-Caron G;Avery SV;Novodvorska M;Archer DB
食品腐败酵母Zygosaccharomyces bailii对包括山梨酸（2，4-己二烯酸）在内的弱酸性防腐剂具有很强的抗性。这种极端的耐药性被证明是由于群体异质性，一小群细胞对各种弱酸具有耐药性，可能是由于较低的内部pH值减少了所有弱酸的吸收。在本论文中，发现抗性细胞在指数培养中极其罕见，但在稳定期增加高达8000倍。将含有山梨酸的培养基接种到Z. bailii细胞产生了似乎是延长的滞后期，表明在细胞进入指数生长期之前适应了条件。然而，山梨酸引起的明显滞后期主要是由于抗性亚群生长到可检测水平所需的时间。亚种群的缓慢增长率与最终总种群的增长率相同。非耐药原液群体在3天内仍保持活力，但在6天内丧失活力，在此期间，原液群体中未出现任何耐药迹象。在山梨酸中生长的亚种群在菌落大小和内部pH值方面表现出非常高的种群多样性。去除山梨酸后，种群迅速恢复到正常的、基本上无抗性的种群分布。所提供的数据表明，需要重新评估微生物分批培养中的滞后期，至少对于Z的抗性。对山梨酸的影响。此外，表型多样性和异质性在微生物种群的意义进行了更广泛的讨论与潜在的相关性，细菌的“持久性”，自然选择和进化。极限Z贝利对山梨酸的抗性是由于种群异质性。在指数增长之后，抗性细胞大量增加。弱酸引起的延滞期延长不是一种适应性反应。延迟期延长是由于种群更替。压力、饥饿或弱酸导致种群多样性增加。
The food spoilage yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii shows great resistance to weak-acid preservatives, including sorbic acid (2, 4-hexadienoic acid). That extreme resistance was shown to be due to population heterogeneity, with a small sub-population of cells resistant to a variety of weak acids, probably caused by a lower internal pH reducing the uptake of all weak acids. In the present paper, it was found that resistant cells were extremely rare in exponential cultures, but increased by up to 8000-fold in stationary phase. Inoculation of media containing sorbic acid with a population of Z. bailii cells gave rise to what appeared to be a prolonged lag phase, suggesting adaptation to the conditions before the cells entered the period of exponential growth. However, the apparent lag phase caused by sorbic acid was largely due to the time required for the resistant sub-population to grow to detectable levels. The slow growth rate of the sub-population was identical to that of the final total population. The non-resistant bulk population remained viable for 3 days but had lost viability by 6 days and, during that time, there was no indication of any development of resistance in the bulk population. The sub-population growing in sorbic acid showed very high population diversity in colony size and internal pH. After removal of sorbic acid, the population rapidly reverted back to the normal, largely non-resistant, population distribution. The data presented suggest that a reevaluation of the lag phase in microbial batch culture is required, at least for the resistance of Z. bailii to sorbic acid. Furthermore, the significance of phenotypic diversity and heterogeneity in microbial populations is discussed more broadly with potential relevance to bacterial “persisters”, natural selection and evolution. Extreme Z. bailii resistance to sorbic acid was due to population heterogeneity. There was a massive rise in resistant cells after exponential growth. Extended lag phase caused by weak acids was not an adaptive response. Prolonged lag phase was due to population replacement. Stress, starvation or weak acid, caused a rise in population diversity.
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影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Levy SF;Ziv N;Siegal ML
通讯作者：
Siegal ML
DOI：
10.1099/00221287-137-2-323
发表时间：
1991-02-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
LONDESBOROUGH, J;VUORIO, O
通讯作者：
VUORIO, O
DOI：
10.1016/b978-0-444-52149-1.00084-7
发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
YEASTS: A TAXONOMIC STUDY, VOLS 1-3, 5TH EDITION
影响因子：
--
作者：
James, Stephen A.;Stratford, Malcolm
通讯作者：
Stratford, Malcolm
影响因子：
2
作者：
Gutierrez, Jorge;Rodriguez, Gabriel;Bourke, Paula
通讯作者：
Bourke, Paula
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Bishop, Amy L.;Rab, Faiza A.;Avery, Simon V.
通讯作者：
Avery, Simon V.