Twelve-month prevalence and treatment gap for common mental disorders: Findings from a large-scale epidemiological survey in India
Twelve-month prevalence and treatment gap for common mental disorders: Findings from a large-scale epidemiological survey in India
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DOI：
10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_333_16
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Chatterji, Somnath
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sagar, Rajesh;Pattanayak, Raman Deep;Chatterji, Somnath
背景：常见的精神障碍，如情绪、焦虑和物质使用障碍，是包括印度在内的全球残疾的重要原因。然而，现有的研究受到方法问题和异质性的限制。目的：本论文主要关注印度焦虑、情绪和物质使用障碍的12个月患病率和12个月治疗。材料和方法：作为世界卫生组织世界精神卫生调查倡议的一部分，在印度的11个地点进行了这项研究。然而，目前的研究重点是来自不同州八个地区的24,371名成年人（>= 18岁）的家庭样本，涵盖了农村和城市地区。在翻译和针对具体国家的调整后，使用世界卫生组织综合国际诊断访谈对受访者进行了面对面访谈。诊断是根据《国际疾病分类》第10版《研究诊断标准》生成的。结果：近49.3%的样本包括男性。常见精神障碍的12个月患病率为5.52%，其中焦虑症（3.41%）、心境障碍（1.44%）和物质使用障碍（1.18%）。女性的焦虑和情绪障碍患病率相对较高，物质使用障碍患病率低于男性。普通精神障碍患者12个月的治疗率为5.09%（个体障碍范围为1.66% ~ 11.55%）。调查显示，治疗差距高达95%，在过去一年中，100名普通精神障碍患者中只有5人接受了治疗。结论：该调查为了解印度人群的心理健康需求和治疗差距提供了有价值的数据。尽管这项为期12个月的患病率研究仅限于选定的精神障碍，但由于文化因素导致的报告不足或检测不足，这些估计可能是保守的。
Background: Common mental disorders, such as mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, are significant contributors to disability globally, including India. Available research is, however, limited by methodological issues and heterogeneities. Aim: The present paper focuses on the 12-month prevalence and 12-month treatment for anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders in India. Materials and Methods: As part of the World Health Organization World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative, in India, the study was conducted at eleven sites. However, the current study focuses on the household sample of 24,371 adults (>= 18 years) of eight districts of different states, covering rural and urban areas. Respondents were interviewed face-to-face using the WMH Composite International Diagnostic Interview after translation and country-specific adaptations. Diagnoses were generated as per the International Classification of Diseases, 10(th) edition, Diagnostic Criteria for Research. Results: Nearly 49.3% of the sample included males. The 12-month prevalence of common mental disorders was 5.52% - anxiety disorders (3.41%), mood disorders (1.44%), and substance use disorders (1.18%). Females had a relatively higher prevalence of anxiety and mood disorders, and lower prevalence of substance use disorders than males. The 12-month treatment for people with common mental disorders was 5.09% (range 1.66%u11.55% for individual disorders). The survey revealed a huge treatment gap of 95%, with only 5 out of 100 individuals with common mental disorders receiving any treatment over the past year. Conclusion: The survey provides valuable data to understand the mental health needs and treatment gaps in the Indian population. Despite the 12-month prevalence study being restricted to selected mental disorders, these estimates are likely to be conservative due to under-reporting or inadequate detection due to cultural factors.