OBSERVATIONS ON ESSENTIAL TREMOR
OBSERVATIONS ON ESSENTIAL TREMOR
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对特发性震颤的观察
DOI：
10.1136/jnnp.25.2.122
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发表时间：
1962
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Marshall
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Marshall
特发性震颤也称为家族性震颤，或者在老年时首次出现，称为老年性震颤，其引起的关注与其发病率或作为残疾原因的重要性不成比例。克里奇利 (Critchley) 在 1949 年对这一主题进行了调查，提供了 100 多篇文献参考资料。这种兴趣源于这种情况的不寻常特征。据我们所知，它不是任何疾病或神经系统损伤的结果，而是出现在其他健康的人身上，持续一生，并且与其他体征或症状无关。一个重要的事实是，尽管散发病例并不罕见，但这种情况显然有很强的遗传决定因素。除了最后一点之外，有关该主题的大量文献中的假设往往超过事实。本研究是在对正常人伴随肌肉活动的生理性震颤进行观察时产生的。这种震颤影响身体的所有部位（Marshall 和 Walsh，1956），在年轻人中频率约为每秒 10 个周期 (c/s)。然而，在儿童中，常见频率为 5 或 6 c/s，这是在青春期左右发生的成人频率的变化（Marshall，1959）。从大约 40 岁开始，成人频率从 10 次/秒下降到 6 次/秒（Marshall，1961）。由于生理性震颤的频率随年龄而变化，因此频率显然不能成为区分特发性震颤的唯一标准。因此，本研究旨在更严格地定义特发性震颤的特征并阐明其与生理性震颤的关系。
Essential tremor, which is also known as familial tremor or, when it appears for the first time in old age, as senile tremor, has attracted interest out of proportion to its incidence or importance as a cause of disability. Critchley, surveying the subject in 1949, was able to provide over 100 references to the literature. This interest stems from the unusual features of the condition. It is not, so far as we know, the result of any disease or injury to the nervous system, but appears in otherwise healthy people, persisting throughout their lives, and being unassociated with other signs or symptoms. One important fact is that, though sporadic cases are by no means rare, there is clearly a strong genetic determinant in the condition. Apart from this last point, hypotheses have tended to exceed facts in the voluminous literature on the subject. The present study arose during observations on the physiological tremor which accompanies muscular activity in normal people. This tremor, which affects all parts of the body (Marshall and Walsh, 1956), has a frequency of about 10 cycles per second (c/s) in the young adult. In children, however, the common frequency is 5 or 6 c/s, a change to the adult frequency occurring about puberty (Marshall, 1959). From the age of about 40 years onwards the adult frequency declines from 10 c/s to 6 c/s (Marshall, 1961). Since the frequency of physiological tremor varies with age, it is clear that frequency cannot be the sole criterion by which essential tremor may be distinguished. The present study was therefore undertaken to define more closely the features of essential tremor and to clarify its relationship to physiological tremor.