Mechanisms and signals for the nuclear import of proteins.
Mechanisms and signals for the nuclear import of proteins.
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DOI：
10.2174/138920209789503941
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发表时间：
2009-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Cunha C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freitas N;Cunha C
在真核生物中，核膜为大分子从细胞质被动扩散和进入细胞质提供了物理屏障。核质运输通过高度特化的结构（称为核孔）发生，并涉及一类特殊的运输蛋白的参与。跨核孔的主动运输是依赖于核和细胞质区室中Ran-GTP酶的活性的能量依赖性过程。 蛋白质的核输入是调节基因表达和几种病毒复制周期的重要步骤。在这篇综述中，蛋白质跨核孔运输的关键机制，途径和模型进行了分析。
In eukaryotes, the nuclear membrane provides a physical barrier to the passive diffusion of macromolecules from and into the cytoplasm. Nucleocytoplasmic traffic occurs through highly specialized structures known as nuclear pores, and involves the participation of a special class of transport proteins. Active transport across the nuclear pores is an energy-dependent process that relies on the activity of Ran-GTPases both in the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments. Nuclear import of proteins is an essential step in regulating gene expression and the replication cycle of several viruses. In this review, the key mechanisms, pathways, and models underlying the transport of proteins across nuclear pores are analysed.