Histone H2A/H2B chaperones: from molecules to chromatin-based functions in plant growth and development.
Histone H2A/H2B chaperones: from molecules to chromatin-based functions in plant growth and development.
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DOI：
10.1111/tpj.12830
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发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Wangbin Zhou;Yan Zhu;A. Dong;W. Shen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wangbin Zhou;Yan Zhu;A. Dong;W. Shen
核小体核心组蛋白（H2 A，H2 B，H3和H4）必须组装，替换或交换，以根据细胞需要保留或修饰染色质组织和功能。组蛋白分子伴侣在核小体组装、解体和核小体结构构型中起着重要的作用。由于它们位于核小体的外围，组蛋白H2 A-H2 B二聚体是显著动态的。在这里，我们集中在植物组蛋白H2 A/H2 B分子伴侣，特别是核小体组装蛋白-1（NAP 1）和促进染色质转运（FACT）家族的成员，讨论其分子特征，性质，调节和功能。共价组蛋白修饰（如泛素化，磷酸化，甲基化，乙酰化）和H2 A变体（H2A.Z，H2A.X和H2A.W）也讨论了他们在调节核小体组织和功能的至关重要性。我们进一步讨论了NAP 1和FACT在基于染色质的过程中的作用，如转录，DNA复制和修复。NAP 1和FACT的特定功能是显而易见的，当他们的角色被认为是相对于调节植物的生长和发育，并在植物对环境胁迫的反应。未来的主要挑战仍然是为了更详细地定义NAP 1家族各个成员的重叠和特定作用以及NAP 1和FACT家族成员之间的差异和相似性，并识别和表征其伴侣以及新的伴侣家族，以了解组蛋白变体掺入和染色质靶特异性。
Nucleosomal core histones (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4) must be assembled, replaced or exchanged to preserve or modify chromatin organization and function according to cellular needs. Histone chaperones escort histones, and play key functions during nucleosome assembly/disassembly and in nucleosome structure configuration. Because of their location at the periphery of nucleosome, histone H2A-H2B dimers are remarkably dynamic. Here we focus on plant histone H2A/H2B chaperones, particularly members of the NUCLEOSOME ASSEMBLY PROTEIN-1 (NAP1) and FACILITATES CHROMATIN TRANSCRIPTION (FACT) families, discussing their molecular features, properties, regulation and function. Covalent histone modifications (e.g. ubiquitination, phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation) and H2A variants (H2A.Z, H2A.X and H2A.W) are also discussed in view of their crucial importance in modulating nucleosome organization and function. We further discuss roles of NAP1 and FACT in chromatin-based processes, such as transcription, DNA replication and repair. Specific functions of NAP1 and FACT are evident when their roles are considered with respect to regulation of plant growth and development and in plant responses to environmental stresses. Future major challenges remain in order to define in more detail the overlapping and specific roles of various members of the NAP1 family as well as differences and similarities between NAP1 and FACT family members, and to identify and characterize their partners as well as new families of chaperones to understand histone variant incorporation and chromatin target specificity.