Cross-language lexical processes and inhibitory control
Cross-language lexical processes and inhibitory control
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DOI：
10.1075/ml.3.3.06lin
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Kroll, Judith F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Linck, Jared A.;Hoshino, Noriko;Kroll, Judith F.
最近的许多研究表明，当双语者和第二语言学习者只阅读、听或说一种语言时，两种语言都是活跃的。这两种语言的并行活动已经被假设造成了必须解决的竞争。双语词汇获取模型提出了一种抑制控制机制，以有效地限制对预期语言的注意（例如，Green, 1998）。重要的是，其他最近的研究表明，作为双语者的一生在两种语言的竞争中谈判的经验给认知控制过程带来了一系列更普遍的好处（例如，Bialystok, Craik, Klein, & Viswanathan, 2004）。然而，很少有研究考察抑制控制的个体差异对语言处理任务表现的影响。本研究的目的是确定二语学习者和双语学习者在词汇理解和生产任务上的执行功能与表现之间是否存在联系。数据分析来自两项研究，涉及一系列语言处理任务，一个是工作记忆测量，还有一个是西蒙任务，一个是抑制控制的非语言测量。结果表明，工作记忆资源的增加和抑制控制的增强分别与句子上下文单词命名任务和图片命名任务中跨语言激活的减少有关。确定了可能与抑制控制有关的其他因素。这些结果对双语词汇理解和生成模型的意义进行了讨论。
Many recent studies demonstrate that both languages are active when bilinguals and second language (L2) learners are reading, listening, or speaking one language only. The parallel activity of the two languages has been hypothesized to create competition that must be resolved. Models of bilingual lexical access have proposed an inhibitory control mechanism to effectively limit attention to the intended language (e.g., Green, 1998). Critically, other recent research suggests that a lifetime of experience as a bilingual negotiating the competition across the two languages confers a set of benefits to cognitive control processes more generally (e.g., Bialystok, Craik, Klein, & Viswanathan, 2004). However, few studies have examined the consequences of individual differences in inhibitory control for performance on language processing tasks. The goal of the present work was to determine whether there is a relation between enhanced executive function and performance for L2 learners and bilinguals on lexical comprehension and production tasks. Data were analyzed from two studies involving a range of language processing tasks, a working memory measure, and also the Simon task, a nonlinguistic measure of inhibitory control. The results demonstrate that greater working memory resources and enhanced inhibitory control are related to a reduction in cross-language activation in a sentence context word naming task and a picture naming task, respectively. Other factors that may be related to inhibitory control are identified. The implications of these results for models of bilingual lexical comprehension and production are discussed.