Striatal hyposensitivity to delayed rewards among cigarette smokers.
Striatal hyposensitivity to delayed rewards among cigarette smokers.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.11.012
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Monterosso, John R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luo, Shan;Ainslie, George;Giragosian, Lisa;Monterosso, John R.
追踪价值的大脑区域（包括腹侧纹状体）在对即时奖励的预期中比延迟奖励做出更多反应，即使延迟奖励更大，并且与即时奖励一样优先。对即时奖励和延迟奖励的预期反应以前没有被研究过与吸烟有关。吸烟者（n=35）和非吸烟者（n=36）进行了修改后的货币激励功能磁共振成像（fMRI）的任务，包括机会赢得即时或延迟的奖励。延迟奖励更大，同样喜欢立即奖励。在各组中，在预期直接相对于延迟奖励的过程中，在之前显示的追踪价值的区域（包括双侧腹侧/背侧纹状体）中观察到了更大的激活。在右腹侧纹状体中，吸烟者的这种效应明显大于非吸烟者。在延迟奖励试验中，吸烟者的纹状体激活较低，这尤其导致了这种组间差异。与对照组相比，吸烟者的纹状体奖励预期活动在奖励延迟时减弱的一般趋势被夸大了。对这种关系的可能解释是：1）对延迟奖励的低预期反应是吸烟的表型风险因素，2）吸烟相关的神经适应导致延迟奖励预期期间的招募减少。
Brain regions that track value (including the ventral striatum) respond more during the anticipation of immediate than delayed rewards, even when the delayed rewards are larger and equally preferred to the immediate. The anticipatory response to immediate vs. delayed rewards has not previously been examined in association with cigarette smoking. Smokers (n=35) and nonsmokers (n=36) performed a modified monetary incentive functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) task that included opportunities to win either immediate or delayed rewards. The delayed rewards were larger and equally preferred to the immediate rewards. Across groups, greater activation was observed in regions previously shown to track value including bilateral ventral/dorsal striatum during anticipation of immediate relative to delayed rewards. This effect was significantly greater among smokers than nonsmokers within the right ventral striatum. This group difference was driven particularly by low striatal activation among smokers during delayed reward trials. The general tendency for striatal reward anticipatory activity to be attenuated when rewards are delayed is exaggerated among smokers relative to comparison participants. Among possible explanations of this relationship are that 1) low anticipatory response to delayed rewards is a phenotypic risk factor for smoking, and 2) smoking-related neuroadaptations result in reduced recruitment during the anticipation of delayed rewards.
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影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Mansvelder, HD;McGehee, DS
通讯作者：
McGehee, DS
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Madden, GJ;Petry, NM;Bickel, WK
通讯作者：
Bickel, WK
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Dagher, A;Bleicher, C;Cumming, P
通讯作者：
Cumming, P
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Lopez, Alan D.;Mathers, Colin D.;Murray, Christopher J. L.
通讯作者：
Murray, Christopher J. L.
DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.22.3.771
发表时间：
1996-05-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Chapman, GB
通讯作者：
Chapman, GB