Species divergence in offspring begging and parental provisioning is linked to nutritional dependency
Species divergence in offspring begging and parental provisioning is linked to nutritional dependency
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arx117
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Steiger, Sandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Capodeanu-Naegler, Alexandra;Eggert, Anne-Katrin;Steiger, Sandra
在动物物种中，父母为其依赖的后代提供食物，后代经常表现出明显的乞讨信号。这些恳求行为是亲子沟通的重要组成部分，但目前还不清楚它们和父母的反应如何与后代对父母食物供应的依赖性在物种之间发生协变。埋葬甲虫（Nicrophorus）是众所周知的提供精心的双亲照顾，包括乞讨幼虫的供应。通过使用多物种的方法，我们表明，幼虫乞讨强度，以及父母花费的时间供应，有很大的不同个体的3个物种：N。orbicollis、圆颈新单胞菌N. pustulatus和N. vespilloides。我们的研究结果表明，N. orbicollis花在乞讨上的时间最多，而N. pustulatus花在乞讨上的时间最少。因此，我们认为，乞讨强度不同，由于物种之间的营养需求的内在差异，而不是因为任意的乞讨行为的分歧。我们进一步表明，在所有3个物种中，女性花费显着更多的时间比男性供应，虽然有相当大的分歧物种之间的程度上，女性和男性有助于提供幼虫。我们讨论了潜在的选择性因素，导致这种多样化的后代乞讨和父母的供应关系的3个物种之间的后代依赖的不同变化。
In animal species in which parents provide food to their dependent young, offspring often display conspicuous begging signals. These solicitation behaviors are important components of parent-offspring communication, but it is currently unclear how they and the parental response covary with offspring dependency on parental food provisioning across species. Burying beetles (Nicrophorus) are well known for providing elaborate biparental care, including provisioning of begging larvae. By using a multispecies approach, we show that larval begging intensity, as well as the time parents spend provisioning, differ greatly between individuals of the 3 species: N. orbicollis, N. pustulatus, and N. vespilloides. Our results demonstrate that the most dependent offspring of N. orbicollis invest the most time in begging, whereas the most independent offspring of N. pustulatus invest the least amount of time in begging. Thus, we suggest that begging intensity differs due to intrinsic differences in nutritional need between the species rather than because of an arbitrary divergence in begging behavior. We further show that in all 3 species, females spend significantly more time provisioning than males, although there is considerable divergence between species in the extent to which females and males contribute to the provisioning of larvae. We discuss the potential selective factors leading to this diversification of offspring begging and parental provisioning in relation to the distinct variation in offspring dependence between the 3 species.