The "new normal": Adapting doctoral trainee career preparation for broad career paths in science.
The "new normal": Adapting doctoral trainee career preparation for broad career paths in science.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0177035
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Melkers J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
St Clair R;Hutto T;MacBeth C;Newstetter W;McCarty NA;Melkers J
生物医学科学和STEM领域的博士生对学术职位以外的职业机会表现出越来越大的兴趣。虽然最近的研究已经解决了非学术职业的博士生的兴趣和偏好，战略和资源，学员使用准备一个广泛的就业市场（非学术）知之甚少。最近的适应社会认知职业生涯理论明确强调的相互作用的上下文支持机制，个人的职业搜索效能和自我适应的求职过程强调了重视这个明确的职业生涯阶段的价值。我们的研究解决了影响非学术职业兴趣的博士生求职信心和求职策略的因素，并基于近900名来自NIH资助的生物医学科学博士生和博士后研究员调查的受访者。使用结构方程模型，我们发现，学员追求非学术职业生涯，和/或与低感知程序支持的职业目标，有较低的职业发展和搜索过程效能（CDSE），并得到不同程度的支持，从他们的顾问/主管。我们还发现了受训者适应的证据，他们的职业搜索效能，而不是职业兴趣。
Doctoral recipients in the biomedical sciences and STEM fields are showing increased interest in career opportunities beyond academic positions. While recent research has addressed the interests and preferences of doctoral trainees for non-academic careers, the strategies and resources that trainees use to prepare for a broad job market (non-academic) are poorly understood. The recent adaptation of the Social Cognitive Career Theory to explicitly highlight the interplay of contextual support mechanisms, individual career search efficacy, and self-adaptation of job search processes underscores the value of attention to this explicit career phase. Our research addresses the factors that affect the career search confidence and job search strategies of doctoral trainees with non-academic career interests and is based on nearly 900 respondents from an NIH-funded survey of doctoral students and postdoctoral fellows in the biomedical sciences at two U.S. universities. Using structural equation modeling, we find that trainees pursuing non-academic careers, and/or with low perceived program support for career goals, have lower career development and search process efficacy (CDSE), and receive different levels of support from their advisors/supervisors. We also find evidence of trainee adaptation driven by their career search efficacy, and not by career interests.