DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF HUMAN VISUAL-EVOKED AND OMITTED STIMULUS POTENTIALS
DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF HUMAN VISUAL-EVOKED AND OMITTED STIMULUS POTENTIALS
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DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(94)90017-5
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发表时间：
1994-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
BASAREROGLU, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
BULLOCK, TH;KARAMURSEL, S;BASAREROGLU, C
本文对19例健康人的头皮记录进行了视觉诱发电位(VEP)和遗漏刺激电位(OSPs)的复查。主要发现是在条件刺激范围和5赫兹范围内的OSP在形态、潜伏期和特性上的区别。前者在先前的人类研究中使用，后者在先前对所选的棘鳃类、硬骨鱼和爬行动物的研究中使用。我们在2到5赫兹之间找不到OSP。高频(快，约40赫兹)和低频(慢，约0.3-1.6赫兹)OSP有不同的形式和潜伏期，但两者在其频率范围内都倾向于在其频率范围内保持恒定的潜伏期，这表明在时间上特定的期望。快速OSP(通常为N120、P170-230及以后的成分，包括10-13赫兹的诱发节律)类似于OFF效应，需要注视，但不需要注意刺激间间隔。慢速OSP(通常为P500-1100)需要注意，但不需要注视；与快速OSP不同，它们是多模式的。根据引用的鱼类和爬行动物的数据，FAST OSP可能出现在视网膜中，并在随后的每个水平上进行修改。我们没有关于慢速OSP起源的证据。在这两个范围内，不仅是大的、漫反射的闪光，而且几米远的微弱的虚拟点源(彩色LED)就足够了。他们很难适应。两者都需要非常短的条件周期。描述了在不同频率下从单一的静止VEP到稳态反应(SSR)的转变。在大多数受试者中，较大的SSR约为8-15赫兹，提示存在共振。在一些受试者和注意条件下，SSR幅度大小之间的交替发生在4赫兹左右，并与闪光频率为2赫兹或不规则的错觉相关。调节间隔的抖动大大降低了慢的OSP，但对快的OSP影响很小。描述了头皮轨迹之间的差异。
Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and omitted stimulus potentials (OSPs) are re-examined in scalp recordings from 19 healthy subjects. The principal finding is a distinction in form, latency and properties between OSPs in the conditioning stimulus range < 2 Hz, used in previous human studies, and those in the range > 5 Hz, used in previous studies of selected elasmobranchs, teleost fish and reptiles. We cannot find OSPs between 2 and 5 Hz. The high frequency (''fast,'' ca. 6- > 40 Hz) and the low frequency (''slow,'' ca. 0.3-1.6 Hz) OSPs have different forms and latencies but both tend to a constant latency after the omission, over their frequency ranges, suggesting a temporally specific expectation. Fast OSPs (typically N120, P170-230 and later components including induced rhythms at 10-13 Hz) resemble an OFF effect, and require fixation but not attention to the interstimulus interval. Slow OSPs (usually P500-1100) require attention but not fixation; they are multimodal, unlike the fast OSPs. Based on cited data from fish and reptiles, fast OSPs probably arise in the retina, to be modified at each subsequent level. We have no evidence on the origin of slow OSPs. In both ranges not only large, diffuse flashes, but weak, virtual point sources (colored LEDs) meters away suffice. They are difficult to habituate. Both require very short conditioning periods.The transition from the single, rested VEP to the steady state response (SSR) at different frequencies is described. Around 8-15 Hz in most subjects larger SSRs suggest a resonance. Alternation between large and small SSR amplitude occurs around 4 Hz in some subjects and conditions of attention, and correlates with an illusion that the flash frequency is 2 Hz or is irregular. Jitter of the conditioning intervals greatly reduces the slow OSP but only slightly affects the fast OSP. Differences between scalp loci are described.