REEF CORAL REPRODUCTION IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC - COSTA-RICA, PANAMA, AND GALAPAGOS-ISLANDS (ECUADOR) .1. POCILLOPORIDAE
REEF CORAL REPRODUCTION IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC - COSTA-RICA, PANAMA, AND GALAPAGOS-ISLANDS (ECUADOR) .1. POCILLOPORIDAE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01313501
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发表时间：
1991-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
GUZMAN, HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
GLYNN, PW;GASSMAN, NJ;GUZMAN, HM
在1982-83年厄尔尼诺扰动后，于1984-1990年在哥斯达黎加、巴拿马(奇里基湾和巴拿马湾)和加拉帕戈斯群岛(厄瓜多尔)调查了东太平洋两种主要造礁珊瑚[Pocillopora Damicoris(Linneeus)和Pocillopora elegans Dana]的繁殖生态。成熟精母细胞和卵母细胞在两个物种中都存在，并且通常以几乎相等的比例出现在同一息肉中。在成熟的、未受精的卵母细胞中观察到大量的虫黄体。虽然没有观察到在野外种群中产卵，但这两种囊足类很可能是同时的两性产卵者，这从满月后成熟配子的消失得到了证明。这与大多数已知的繁殖和释放浮萍幼虫的疏松珊瑚形成了鲜明的对比。珊瑚在哥斯达黎加和奇里基湾(巴拿马)的热稳定环境中繁殖最活跃，那里32%至90%的群体含有配子。在加拉帕戈斯群岛温和变化的热条件下，16%到40%的群体含有配子，而在珍珠群岛(巴拿马)明显的季节性上升流环境中，只有6%到18%的群体含有配子。全年繁殖发生在哥斯达黎加和奇里基湾，而繁殖仅限于加拉帕戈斯群岛和巴拿马湾季节性变化环境中的温暖时期。哥斯达黎加和奇里基湾的泡孔珊瑚展示了月球的产卵活动，成熟的配子在满月前后几天出现。一些有限的产卵可能也发生在新月。虽然这项研究证明了配子的频繁成熟，但在受1982-83年厄尔尼诺现象干扰的东太平洋珊瑚礁上，幼体招募的比率相对较低，这表明重要的构筑框架的珊瑚的恢复可能会大大延长。
Reproductive ecology of two major reef-building corals in the eastern Pacific [Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus) and Pocillopora elegans Dana] was investigated between 1984 and 1990 in Costa Rica, Panama (Gulf of Chiriqui and Gulf of Panama), and the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) following the 1982-83 El Nino disturbance. Mature spermatocytes and oocytes were found in both species and were usually present in the same polyp in nearly equal ratios. Numerous zooxanthellae were observed in mature, unfertilized oocytes. Although spawning in field populations was not observed, it is likely that both pocilloporids are simultaneous hermaphroditic spawners, as evidenced by the disappearance of mature gametes after full moon. This is in contrast with most known pocilloporid corals that brood and release planula larvae. Corals were reproductively most active in the thermally stable environments of Costa Rica and the Gulf of Chiriqui (Panama) where 32 to 90% of all colonies contained gametes. In the moderately varying thermal conditions in the Galapagos Islands, 16 to 40% of colonies contained gametes, and in the pronounced seasonal upwelling environment of the Pearl Islands (Panama) only 6 to 18% of colonies contained gametes. Year-round reproduction occurred in Costa Rica and the Gulf of Chiriqui, whereas reproduction was confined to warm periods in the seasonally varying environments of the Galapagos Islands and the Gulf of Panama. Pocilloporid corals in Costa Rica and the Gulf of Chiriqui demonstrated lunar spawning activity, with mature gametes present a few days before and after full moon. Some limited spawning may have occurred also at new moon. While frequent gamete maturation has been demonstrated in this study, the relatively low rates of larval recruitment occurring on eastern Pacific coral reefs disturbed by the 1982-83 El Nino suggest that the recovery of important frame-building corals could be greatly prolonged.