On the origin of Near Eastern founder crops and the 'dump-heap hypothesis'
On the origin of Near Eastern founder crops and the 'dump-heap hypothesis'
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DOI：
10.1007/s10722-004-7069-x
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发表时间：
2005-08-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Lev-Yadun, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abbo, S;Gopher, A;Lev-Yadun, S
从狩猎采集到以农业为基础的经济的过渡--新石器时代革命--是人类职业生涯的一个关键转折点，吸引了许多学者的注意，其中包括考古学家、人类学家、地理学家、植物学家、遗传学家和进化学家等。我们对这一重大转变的了解相当有限，主要是因为无法完全重建有关时期和所涉生物体的文化、生物和环境格局。许多研究植物驯化学科的学生认真考虑过这样一种假设，即人类最初的农作物是由杂草起源的，这些杂草与农业之前的古代人类居住地周围的受干扰栖息地或人类垃圾堆有关--即所谓的“垃圾堆假说”。在这篇文章中，我们根据近东创始人作物的已知生物学及其野生祖先的生态偏好重新检验了这一假说。与‘垃圾堆假说’相反，我们认为近东农业起源于人类和植物之间长期相互作用的结果，主要是由各自作物的营养特征和文化力量驱动的。
The transition from hunting gathering to a farming based economy - the Neolithic Revolution, was a crucial junction in the human career, attracting the attention of many scholars: archaeologists, anthropologists, geographers, botanists, geneticists and evolutionists among others. Our understanding of this major transformation is rather limited mainly due to the inability to fully reconstruct the cultural, biological and environmental setup of the relevant period and organisms involved. Many students of the subject of plant domestication have seriously entertained the hypothesis that man's first crop plants have originated from weeds associated with the disturbed habitats surrounding pre-agricultural ancient human dwellings and or with human refuse heaps - the so called 'dump heap hypothesis'. In this paper we re-examine this hypothesis in light of the known biology of the Near Eastern founder crops and the ecological preferences of their wild progenitors. Contrary to the 'dump-heap hypothesis', we propose that Near Eastern farming originated as a result of a long term interaction between humans and plants and was mainly driven by the nutritional features of the respective crops and cultural forces.