Crystal Orientation in Glacier and in Experimentally Deformed Ice
Crystal Orientation in Glacier and in Experimentally Deformed Ice
复制标题
冰川和实验变形冰中的晶体取向
DOI：
10.3189/s0022143000023716
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发表时间：
1960
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
G. P. Rigsby
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. P. Rigsby
摘要 使用大型通用平台和薄片技术，对来自广泛分离的温带和极地冰川的 8,000 多个冰晶进行了定向和测量，用于晶体结构研究。人们已经发现了非常坚固的织物，并进行了许多关于冰的变形和再结晶的实验室实验，试图解决有关冰川流动的一些令人困惑的问题。在极地冰川中，冰晶的 c 轴或光轴往往垂直于叶面（气泡冰和透明冰的交替平面结构）。在高剪切应力区域，当绘制在施密特等积投影上时，轴的首选方向在 1% 的面积内达到 39%。在温带冰川中，光轴往往会形成三个或四个强烈的最大值，这也与叶状结构有关。实验室中变形的冰的图案类似于极地冰川中发现的一些织物图案。在实验室样本变形过程中，观察到大晶体再结晶成许多较小的晶体，而细粒冰在变形完成后（冰川冰和实验室变形冰）在熔化温度下退火成一些与原始模式不同方向的大晶体。
Abstract More than 8,000 ice crystals have been oriented and measured for crystal fabric studies from widely separated temperate and polar glaciers, using a large universal stage and thin-section techniques. Very strong fabrics have been found and a number of laboratory experiments on deformation and recrystallization of ice were conducted in an attempt to solve some of the perplexing problems raised concerning glacier flow. In polar glaciers the c or optic axes of the ice crystals tend to be perpendicular to the foliation plane (alternating planar structures of bubbly and clear ice). In areas of high shearing stress the preferred orientation of the axes reached 39 per cent in 1 per cent of the area when plotted on a Schmidt equal-area projection. In temperate glaciers the optic axes tend to form three or four strong maxima which also appear related to the foliation. Patterns from ice deformed in the laboratory resemble some of the fabric patterns found in polar glaciers. During deformation of laboratory specimens, large crystals have been observed recrystallizing into many smaller ones, while fine-grained ice, after completion of deformation (both glacier ice and laboratory deformed ice), has been annealed at melting temperature into a few large crystals with different orientations from the original pattern.