Organization of the reach and grasp in head-fixed vs freely-moving mice provides support for multiple motor channel theory of neocortical organization
Organization of the reach and grasp in head-fixed vs freely-moving mice provides support for multiple motor channel theory of neocortical organization
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-017-4925-4
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Mohajerani, Majid H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Whishaw, Ian Q.;Faraji, Jamshid;Mohajerani, Majid H.
新皮层组织的多运动通道（MMC）理论提出，复杂的运动，如伸手去拿食物吃，是由单独的神经通道的协调作用产生的。例如，人类的伸手抓握行为是由两个视觉-顶叶-运动皮层通道介导的，一个用于伸手，一个用于抓握。目前的分析问是否有一个类似的组织，达到和把握运动的鼠标。在三个任务中，通过高快门速度逐帧视频分析来检查相同小鼠的伸手进食运动，其中小鼠获得了相同的成功分数：当自由移动时伸手去拿食物颗粒，当头部固定时伸手去拿食物颗粒，当头部固定时伸手去拿意大利面。为了达到，小鼠使用自我中心的线索，以任务适当的方式改变上臂运动，将张开的手放在食物上，或者使用“触摸-释放-抓握”策略来定位食物。虽然老鼠在伸手时不能离线塑形，但它们可以使用来自嘴部的在线触摸相关线索来操纵嘴部的食物。达到可以离线执行的自我中心的线索，而手的把握需要在线线索支持的想法，为鼠标，灵长类动物，达到和把握是分开的行为。进一步讨论的结果中使用的头部固定的行为程序，以确定独立的神经基板的达到和把握使用中尺度刺激/成像方法。
Multiple motor channel (MMC) theory of neocortical organization proposes that complex movements, such as reaching for a food item to eat, are produced by the coordinated action of separate neural channels. For example, the human reach-to-grasp act is mediated by two visuo-parieto-motor cortex channels, one for the reach and one for the grasp. The present analysis asked whether there is a similar organization of reach-and-grasp movements in the mouse. The reach-to-eat movements of the same mice were examined from high-shutter speed, frame-by-frame video analysis in three tasks in which the mice obtained equivalent success scores: when freely-moving reaching for food pellets, when head-fixed reaching for food pellets, and when head-fixed reaching for pieces of pasta. To reach, the mice used egocentric cues to vary upper arm movements in a task-appropriate manner to place an open hand on the food or to locate the food using a "touch-release-grasp" strategy. Although mice could not hand-shape offline when reaching, they could hand-shape using online touch-related cues from the mouth to manipulate the food at the mouth. That the reach can be performed offline in relation to egocentric cues whereas hand shaping for the grasp requires online cues supports the idea that for the mouse, as for primates, the reach and grasp are separate acts. The results are further discussed in relation to the use of the head-fixed behavioral procedure to identify the independent neural substrates of the reach and the grasp using mesoscale stimulation/imaging methods.