Temperature Dependence of Non-uniformity in Energy of Systems with Holonomic Constraints

Temperature Dependence of Non-uniformity in Energy of Systems with Holonomic Constraints
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完整约束系统能量不均匀性的温度依赖性

DOI:
10.1007/s10955-022-03029-8
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
1.6
通讯作者:
Yanagita Tatsuo
Yanagita Tatsuo
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Konishi Tetsuro;Yanagita Tatsuo

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对于由处于热平衡的刚性连杆连接的三个粒子组成的经典系统,精确地得到了每个粒子的动能的平均值和方差。平均值和方差在整个系统中不是均匀的,而是取决于粒子的位置。分析证明了先前通过数值模拟观察到的链端附近的平均动能过剩。平均动能的不均匀性是由广义能量均分原理引起的。对于具有弯曲势的模型,非均匀性也依赖于温度,并且随着温度的降低,非均匀性从外能型转变为内能型。
For classical systems made of three particles connected with rigid links in thermal equilibrium, the average and variance of the kinetic energies of each particle are exactly obtained. The averages and variances are not uniform over the system but depends on the positions of particles. The excess of average kinetic energies near the chain ends, previously observed by numerical simulation, is analytically proved. The non-uniformity of the average kinetic energy results from the generalized principle of equipartition of energy. For a model with bending potential, the non-uniformity also depends on temperature, and the non-uniformity changes from outer-energetic to inner-energetic by decreasing the temperature.
DOI: 10.1515/zna-1993-0408
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