The interaction between Saturn’s moons and their plasma environments

The interaction between Saturn’s moons and their plasma environments
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土星卫星与其等离子体环境之间的相互作用

DOI:
10.1016/j.physrep.2015.09.005
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发表时间:
--
期刊:
Physics Reports
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
C.S. Paty
C.S. Paty
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
S. Simon;E. Roussos;C.S. Paty

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自2004年7月卡西尼号宇宙飞船抵达土星以来,新收集的等离子体和磁场数据大大扩展了我们对这颗巨大行星多面卫星家族与其磁层环境之间相互作用的了解。卡西尼号已经完成了200多个围绕土星的轨道,包括111次飞越土星最大的卫星泰坦和20次与土卫二的相遇。在卡西尼号在土星系统的第一年旅行中,这个小的冰冷的卫星被确定为磁层等离子体和中性粒子的主要来源。此外,该航天器还访问了位于内磁层和中磁层的其他几颗冰冷卫星:土卫五、土卫四和土卫三。根据周围的磁层流动参数以及其大气层/电离层和表面的特性,这些卫星中的每一个都会在入射到其上的磁层等离子体中产生一组独特的扰动特征。因此,卡西尼等离子体和磁场探测器在近距离飞越土星卫星期间进行的观测包含了关于卫星大气层特性的宝贵诊断信息,表面,甚至内部。然而,航天器只能测量沿着其轨道的等离子体和磁场扰动,而卫星与其等离子体环境之间的相互作用构成了一个复杂的三维过程。因此,需要复杂的模型,以便将收集到的数据沿沿着卡西尼号的飞越轨道的背景下,完整的三维月球等离子体相互作用的情况。在这篇评论中,我们结合联合收割机从卡西尼号使命的观测与复杂的建模结果绘制土星最大的卫星和它们的高度动态等离子体环境之间的相互作用的全面图片。
Since the arrival of the Cassini spacecraft at Saturn in July 2004, newly collected plasma and magnetic field data have greatly expanded our knowledge on the interaction between the giant planet’s multifaceted family of moons and its magnetospheric environment. Cassini has already accomplished more than 200 orbits around Saturn, encompassing 111 flybys of the giant planet’s largest moon Titan and 20 encounters of Enceladus. This small icy moon had been identified as the major source of magnetospheric plasma and neutral particles during the first year of Cassini’s tour in the Saturnian system. In addition, the spacecraft has paid visits to several other icy satellites in the inner and middle magnetosphere: Rhea, Dione and Tethys. Depending on the ambient magnetospheric flow parameters as well as the properties of its atmosphere/ionosphere and surface, each of these moons generates a characteristic and unique set of perturbation signatures in the magnetospheric plasma incident upon it. Therefore, observations made during close flybys of Saturn’s moons by the Cassini plasma and magnetic field detectors contain valuable diagnostic information on the properties of the moons’ atmospheres, surfaces and even their interiors. However, the spacecraft can measure these plasma and magnetic field perturbations only along its trajectory, whereas the interaction between the moons and their plasma environments constitutes a complex three-dimensional process. Therefore, sophisticated models are required in order to place the data collected along Cassini’s flyby trajectories within the context of the full three-dimensional moon–plasma interaction scenarios. In this review, we combine observations from the Cassini mission with sophisticated modeling results to draw a comprehensive picture of the interaction between Saturn’s largest moons and their highly dynamic plasma environments.
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