Compliance to Gutka ban and other provisons of COTPA in Mumbai
Compliance to Gutka ban and other provisons of COTPA in Mumbai
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DOI：
10.4103/0019-509x.147475
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Shastri, S. S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pimple, S.;Gunjal, S.;Shastri, S. S.
2003年《卷烟和其他烟草制品法》（COTPA）是印度烟草控制的主要法律。自2012年7月以来，马哈拉施特拉邦政府在其具有里程碑意义的决定中还禁止制造，销售和分销gutka和pan masala。然而，需要评估《COTPA》立法以及在马哈拉施特拉邦实施古特卡和潘马萨拉禁令的预期影响和程度。在COTPA的许多规定中，本研究旨在评估遵守COTPA第5条和第6条的实施和执行情况，包括遵守印度孟买的古特卡和潘马萨拉禁令。方法：六个教育机构（EI）内的孟买大都市地区被选中在两个阶段的随机抽样过程。人工绘制每个EI周围的区域，并由经过培训的现场社会调查员列出100码距离内的所有烟草产品销售点，并进行观察，以确定是否符合COTPA立法第5节和第6节以及gutka和pan masala禁令。还采访了这些商店的供应商/店主，了解他们的个人社会人口详细信息，自我烟草使用情况，对烟草不良影响的认识和看法以及该国现有的烟草控制立法。结果如下：共有222家烟草零售店被列入在EI 100码范围内，违反了COTPA第6条的规定，其中72家（32.4%）在移动的结构上销售烟草产品。约53.2%的烟草销售商也是某种形式烟草的使用者。尽管近217名（97.7%）供应商知道该州的古特卡和潘马萨拉禁令，但只有48.2%的供应商知道COTPA立法的存在。没有一个EI有一个显示板，禁止在他们的EI半径100码内销售烟草产品。只有56.3%的烟草店遵守了强制性警告展示板，表明烟草产品不会出售给18岁以下的人。至于销售点广告方面，只有25.2%的人遵守在销售点展示健康警告牌的规定。近48.6%的烟草店展示了2个以上的展示板，另有43.2%的烟草店展示了品牌包装照片、品牌名称的广告牌，违反了第5条的规定。在51.3%的烟草销售点发现了明显堆放和公开展示烟草产品以供销售的违规行为。而41%的烟草店被发现违反禁令展示了gutka和pan masala包。结论：在大都市孟买，由于颁布法律而没有强有力的执行措施，导致普遍不遵守烟草控制立法的规定。民政管理部门和公共卫生部门都需要采取强有力和可持续的措施，以有力地执行该计划。
Background: Cigarettes and other tobacco products act 2003 (COTPA) is the principal law governing tobacco control in India. Government of Maharashtra in one of its landmark decisions also banned manufacturing, sale and distribution of gutka and pan masala since July 2012. The desired impact and level of enforcement of the COTPA legislation and the gutka and pan masala ban in Maharashtra State, however, needs assessment. Among the many provisions within COTPA, the present study seeks to assess compliance to implementation and enforcement of Section 5 and 6 of COTPA including compliance to gutka and pan masala ban in Mumbai, India. Methodology: Six educational institutes (EI) within the Mumbai metropolitan region were selected in a two stage random sampling process. Area around each EI was manually mapped and all the tobacco products selling outlets with in the 100 yards distance were listed by trained Field Social Investigators and were observed to determine compliance for Section 5 and Section 6 of the COTPA legislation and for gutka and pan masala ban. The vendors/shop owners manning these outlets were also interviewed for their personal sociodemographic details, self-tobacco use, awareness and perception about ill-effects of tobacco and existing tobacco control legislation in the country. Results: A total of 222 tobacco retail outlets were listed within 100 yards of the EI in violation to the provisions of Section 6 of COTPA, of which 72 (32.4%) were selling tobacco products on mobile structures. About 53.2% of the tobacco vendors were also users of some form of tobacco. Whereas, nearly 217 (97.7%) vendors were aware about the gutka and pan masala ban in the State, only 48.2% were aware about the existence of COTPA legislation. None of the EI had a display board prohibiting the sale of tobacco products within a radius of 100 yards of their EI. Only 56.3% tobacco outlets had complied with the mandatory warning display boards indicating tobacco products will not be sold to people below 18 years of age. With regards to point of sale advertisement only 25.2% compliance was noted for display of health warning boards at the point of sale. Nearly 48.6% tobacco outlets exhibited > 2 display boards and another 43.2% exhibited hoardings with brand pack photo, brand name in violation to the provision under Section 5. Violation by visible stacking and open display of tobacco products for sale was observed at 51.3% of tobacco outlets. While 41% of tobacco outlets were found displaying gutka and pan masala packets in violation to the ban. Conclusions: Enacting of the law without robust measures for enforcement has led to widespread noncompliance to the provisions with in the tobacco control legislation in the metropolitan city of Mumbai. Strong and sustainable measures needs to be incorporated both by civic administration and public health departments for its forceful implementation.