New Measures for Research on Men Who Have Sex with Men and for At-Risk Heterosexuals: Tools to Study Links Between Structural Interventions or Large-Scale Social Change and HIV Risk Behaviors, Service Use, and Infection
New Measures for Research on Men Who Have Sex with Men and for At-Risk Heterosexuals: Tools to Study Links Between Structural Interventions or Large-Scale Social Change and HIV Risk Behaviors, Service Use, and Infection
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DOI：
10.1007/s10461-019-02582-w
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Auerbach, J. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Friedman, S. R.;Pouget, E. R.;Auerbach, J. D.
大规模的结构性干预和革命、战争和重大灾难等“重大事件”可以通过改变高危人群的规模、使高危行为或多或少发生或改变风险发生的环境来影响艾滋病毒的传播。本文描述了调查可能将宏观社会变化与随后的艾滋病毒传播联系起来的假设路径的新措施。我们开发了一系列新颖的量表和索引，主题包括不同条件下的性和注射毒品的规范、经历尊严被剥夺、与文化主题达成一致，即需要采取什么行动才能生存或抵抗、团结和其他问题。我们在纽约市采访了298名高危异性恋者和256名男男性行为者，就这些措施和可能的验证者进行了采访。大多数测量都显示出标准效度(皮尔逊的r>；绝对值=0.20)和可靠性(Cronbach‘sα>；=0.70)的证据。这些措施可以(谨慎地)用来理解宏观变化如何影响艾滋病毒和其他风险。在更正常的情况下，许多方法也可以用来理解风险背景和动态。应作出更多努力，改进和推广这些措施的有效性。
Large-scale structural interventions and "Big Events" like revolutions, wars and major disasters can affect HIV transmission by changing the sizes of at-risk populations, making high-risk behaviors more or less likely, or changing contexts in which risk occurs. This paper describes new measures to investigate hypothesized pathways that could connect macro-social changes to subsequent HIV transmission. We developed a "menu" of novel scales and indexes on topics including norms about sex and drug injecting under different conditions, experiencing denial of dignity, agreement with cultural themes about what actions are needed for survival or resistance, solidarity and other issues. We interviewed 298 at-risk heterosexuals and 256 men who have sex with men in New York City about these measures and possible validators for them. Most measures showed evidence of criterion validity (absolute magnitude of Pearson's r >= 0.20) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha >= 0.70). These measures can be (cautiously) used to understand how macro-changes affect HIV and other risk. Many can also be used to understand risk contexts and dynamics in more normal situations. Additional efforts to improve and to replicate the validation of these measures should be conducted.