Damping-off epidemics, contact structure, and disease transmission in mixed-species populations
Damping-off epidemics, contact structure, and disease transmission in mixed-species populations
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DOI：
10.1890/04-1122
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发表时间：
2005-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Gilligan, CA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Otten, W;Filipe, JAN;Gilligan, CA
在本文中，我们介绍了一种分析混合植物群体流行病中易感植物和受感染植物之间的种间和种内传播率以及接触结构的方法。使用由立枯丝核菌引起的立枯病流行病的时空图，在超过 400 个随机混合的萝卜和芥菜幼苗的复制微观世界中，我们首先表明，当流行病在混合植物群体中进展时，它改变了受感染 (I) 和易感 (S) 植物之间的接触结构，从而使抗性植物逐渐更频繁地受到攻击，从而减缓了流行病。我们估计了四个 S-I 对组合中每一个的传输速率。所有传播率最初随着时间的推移而上升，然后下降，抗性更强的芥菜品种的传播率总体较低。然而，种间传播率出乎意料地高。我们展示了这些比率与每个宿主物种的传染性和易感性的相对变化之间的关系，以及在纯林中易感性较弱的物种如何在混合物中仍然充当强大的疾病供体，从而降低混合物减少疾病的功效。我们讨论了自然和管理人群中疾病动态的更广泛后果。
In this paper we introduce a method to analyze the inter- and intraspecies transmission rates and contact structure between susceptible and infected plants in epidemics in mixed plant populations. Using spatiotemporal maps of damping-off epidemics caused by Rhizoctonia solani in replicated microcosms of > 400 randomly mixed radish and mustard seedlings, we first show that as an epidemic progresses through a mixed plant population it changes the contact structure between infected (I) and susceptible (S) plants, so that resistant plants are challenged progressively more frequently, thereby slowing the epidemic. We estimate the transmission rates for each of the four S-I pair combinations. All transmission rates rose initially with time and then declined, with overall lower rates for the more resistant mustard species. However, the interspecies transmission rates were unexpectedly high. We show how these rates relate to relative changes in infectivity and susceptibility of each host species, and how a species that is weakly susceptible in a pure stand can still act as a strong donor of disease in a mixture, thereby lowering the efficacy of the mixture to reduce disease. We discuss the broader consequences for the dynamics of disease in natural and managed populations.