Impacts of forest fragmentation on orchid bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) communities in the Chocó biodiversity hotspot of northwest Ecuador
Impacts of forest fragmentation on orchid bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) communities in the Chocó biodiversity hotspot of northwest Ecuador
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森林破碎化对厄瓜多尔西北部乔科生物多样性热点地区兰花蜂（膜翅目：蜜蜂科：Euglossini）群落的影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
B. Brosi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jamieson C. Botsch;Scott T. Walter;J. Karubian;Nelson González;Emily K Dobbs;B. Brosi
栖息地的丧失是全球蜜蜂数量下降的主要原因，在热带地区，由于森林砍伐率高，栖息地的丧失也是关键因素，但我们对土地覆盖变化对热带蜜蜂群落的影响仍然缺乏了解。兰花蜂（蜜蜂科：Euglossini）是重要的远距离传粉者，由于它们依赖森林生境，可能对森林破碎化非常敏感。以往关于森林片断化对优舌草影响的研究局限于地理范围，在很大程度上忽略了β多样性，也没有将片断化与连续林进行比较。为了帮助解决这些差距，我们在2014年旱季期间在厄瓜多尔乔科生物多样性热点的18个森林片段（面积范围：2.5-33公顷）和一个大型（3500公顷）连续森林内的8个地点对雄性euglossine蜜蜂进行了采样。我们评估了如何euglossine丰度，丰富度和均匀度相关的片段面积，隔离，和边缘：面积比。我们还比较了碎片连续森林，在α和β多样性。在片段中，一个单一的物种（Euglossa tridentata）包括78%的捕获，我们发现没有显着的影响，片段面积，隔离，或边缘的丰度，丰富度，或均匀度之间的片段。片断林和连续林在群落组成和均匀度上存在差异，但在丰度和物种丰富度上没有差异。空间周转（β多样性）表现出一个不显着的趋势，在连续森林相对于碎片更快地变化。这些结果强调了连续森林对兰蜂多样性的保护价值。
Habitat loss is a major driver of bee declines worldwide, and is of key relevance in the tropics given high deforestation rates, but we continue to have a poor understanding of the impact of land-cover change on tropical bee communities. Orchid bees (Apidae: Euglossini) are critical long-distance pollinators and may be highly susceptible to forest fragmentation given their reliance on forest habitat. Previous studies on the impact of forest fragmentation on euglossines have been geographically limited, have largely ignored β-diversity, and have not compared fragments with continuous forest. To contribute to addressing these gaps, we sampled male euglossine bees in 18 forest fragments (area range: 2.5–33 ha) and at eight locations within a large (3500 ha) continuous forest in the Chocó biodiversity hotspot of Ecuador during the dry season in 2014. We assessed how euglossine abundance, richness, and evenness related to fragment area, isolation, and edge:area ratio. We also compared fragments to continuous forest, in terms of α- and β-diversity. In fragments, a single species (Euglossa tridentata) comprised 78% of captures, and we found no significant effect of fragment area, isolation, or edge on abundance, richness, or evenness among fragments. Forest fragments and continuous forest differed in both community composition and evenness, but not in abundance or species richness. Spatial turnover (β-diversity) showed a non-significant trend toward changing more rapidly in continuous forest relative to fragments. These results underscore the conservation value of continuous forest for orchid bee diversity.