Temperature, Duration in Simulated Shipping, and Thermal Acclimatization on the Development of Chilling Injury and Subsequent Flowering of Phalaenopsis
Temperature, Duration in Simulated Shipping, and Thermal Acclimatization on the Development of Chilling Injury and Subsequent Flowering of Phalaenopsis
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温度、模拟运输持续时间和热驯化对蝴蝶兰冷害发生和随后开花的影响
DOI：
10.21273/jashs.132.2.202
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yin
裸根蝴蝶兰经常通过空运运往洲际。目前尚不清楚运输过程中的温度和持续时间如何影响其随后在温室生产中的性能。9月15日，将容器生长的植物繁殖的蝴蝶兰（AtienKaalaGroup）“TSC 22”从盆中取出并立即单独称重。将这些裸根植物与切碎的报纸一起包装在纸箱中，并放置在黑暗中15、20、25或30 ° C的生长室中。在4、7和14天后，从每个温度处理中取出三分之一的植物，称重，种植在盆中，然后放置在温室中。失重率随贮藏温度的升高和贮藏时间的延长而增加。贮藏温度为15 8 ℃时冷害比2 0 8 ℃时严重，并随贮藏时间的延长而加重。植物在25 8 Co r 308 C下没有CI的迹象，无论储存时间如何。叶片损失最严重的是在15 - 8 ℃下储存7天（3片叶）或14天（5片叶）或在30 - 8 ℃下储存14天（3片叶）的植物。在15 8 ~ 25 8 ℃之间贮藏14 d或更短的植株不影响开花时间，但在30 8 ℃下，无论贮藏时间长短，开花时间推迟5 ~ 8 d。无论温度和持续时间如何，储存都会减少花的数量，但不会减少花的大小。在第二个实验中，同一克隆的盆栽蝴蝶兰植物在生长室中于9月中旬在25 8 ℃下热驯化10天，然后在20 8 ℃下再热驯化10天，然后在15 8 ℃、20 8 ℃、25 8 ℃或30 8 ℃下储存在盆中或裸根中10天。25 8 ℃和208 ℃的热锻炼可降低裸根和盆栽10 d后CI和叶片损失的严重程度，但不能减少30 8 ℃热处理引起的叶片损失。换盆或存储裸根植物不影响穗或开花日期在其他类似的条件下。在20 8 ℃和30 8 ℃之间的温度下储存10 d的盆中的未受干扰的植物与同样储存的裸根植物相比具有更高的花数。在两种储存温度下，未驯化的裸根植物的穗均推迟10天，而开花仅推迟15 8 C和30 8 C。裸根蝴蝶兰应在一年中温暖的时期在25 8 C附近运输，在晚秋至早春在25 8 C至15 8 C之间运输，以避免CI或热应激。
Bare-root Phalaenopsis Blume orchids are frequently shipped by air freight intercontinentally. It was not known how temperature and duration in shipping affect their subsequent performance during greenhouse production. On 15 Sept., container-grown plants of vegetatively propagated Phalaenopsis (Atien Kaala Group) 'TSC 22' were removed from pots and individually weighed immediately. These bare-root plants were packed in cartons with shredded newspaper and placed in growth chambers at 15, 20, 25, or 30 8C in darkness. After 4, 7, and 14 days, one-third of the plants were removed from each temperature treatment, weighed, planted in pots, and then placed in a greenhouse. Weight loss increased with increasing air temperature and duration in storage. Chilling injury (CI) was more severe at 15 8C than 20 8C storage temperature and was progressively more severe as storage duration increased from 4 to 14 days. Plants had no sign of CI at 25 8 Co r 308C regardless of storage duration. Leaf loss was most severe on plants stored at 15 8C for 7 days (three leaves) or 14 days (five leaves) or at 30 8C for 14 days (three leaves). Storing plants 14 days or less between 15 8C and 25 8C did not affect the time of spiking (emergence of the flowering shoot), but at 30 8C, spiking was delayed by 5 to 8 days regardless of the duration. Storage resulted in reduced flower count, but not flower size, regardless of temperature and duration. In a second experiment, potted Phalaenopsis plants of the same clone were thermal-acclimatized in growth chambers in mid-September for 10 days at 25 8C followed by another 10 days at 20 8C before being stored in pots or bare-root at 15 8C, 20 8C, 25 8C, or 30 8C for 10 days. Thermal acclimatizing at 25 8 Ca nd 208C reduced the severity of CI and leaf loss after being stored for 10 days at 15 8C either bare-root or in pots, but did not reduce leaf loss resulting from heat at 30 8C. Repotting or storing bare-root plants did not affect spiking or flowering date under otherwise similar conditions. Nondisturbed plants in pots stored at temperatures between 20 8C and 30 8C for 10 d had higher flower count as compared with bare-root plants that were similarly stored. Spiking of nonacclimatized, bare-root plants was delayed after 10 days at either storage temperature, whereas flowering was delayed by 15 8C and 30 8C only. Bare-root Phalaenopsis orchids should be shipped near 25 8C during the warm period of the year and between 25 8C and 15 8C in the late fall through early spring to avoid CI or heat stress.