Normal and disordered reticulocyte maturation.
Normal and disordered reticulocyte maturation.
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DOI：
10.1097/moh.0b013e328345213e
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发表时间：
2011-05
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Ney PA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ney PA
网织红细胞重塑已成为了解哺乳动物细胞囊泡运输和选择性自噬的重要模型。本文综述了我们对网织红细胞的这些过程及其对红系发育的影响的最新进展。去核是一个关键事件，由染色质凝聚、囊泡运输和微丝引起。线粒体的消除是通过选择性自噬实现的，在自噬过程中，线粒体被定位于自噬小体，并经历随后的降解和胞吐作用。其机制涉及完整的线粒体外膜蛋白和一般的自噬途径。质膜重塑和某些细胞内细胞器的消除是通过胞外途径实现的。囊泡运输和选择性自噬已成为细胞重塑的中心过程。在网织红细胞中，这包括去核和消除所有膜结合的细胞器和核糖体。与酵母不同的是，在酵母中，所有类型的自噬都需要特定的泛素连接途径，而在网织红细胞中，这些途径的失活只有部分影响。因此，在高等真核生物中，这些途径和其他过程之间似乎存在冗余。未来的研究将解决自噬和囊泡运输之间的关系，以及两者对细胞重塑的意义。
Reticulocyte remodeling has emerged as an important model for the understanding of vesicular trafficking and selective autophagy in mammalian cells. This review covers recent advances in our understanding of these processes in reticulocytes and the implications for erythroid development. Enucleation is a key event, caused by chromatin condensation, vesicular trafficking, and microfilaments. Mitochondrial elimination is achieved through selective autophagy, in which mitochondria are targeted to autophagosomes, and undergo subsequent degradation and exocytosis. The mechanism involves an integral mitochondrial outer membrane protein, and general autophagy pathways. Plasma membrane remodeling, and the elimination of certain intracellular organelles, is achieved through the exosomal pathway. Vesicular trafficking and selective autophagy have emerged as central processes in cellular remodeling. In reticulocytes, this includes enucleation and the elimination of all membrane-bound organelles and ribosomes. In contrast to yeast where certain ubiqutin-like conjugation pathways are required for all types of autophagy, in reticulocytes inactivation of these pathways has only a partial effect. Thus, in higher eukaryotes, there appears to be redundancy between these pathways and other processes. Future studies will address the relationship between autophagy and vesicular trafficking, and the significance of both for cellular remodeling.