Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007114520002688
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发表时间：
2021-02-14
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sofi F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pagliai G;Dinu M;Madarena MP;Bonaccio M;Iacoviello L;Sofi F
越来越多的证据表明，超加工食品（UPF）的大量消费与非传染性疾病、超重和肥胖的增加有关。本研究系统地回顾了所有调查UPF消费与健康状况之间关系的观察性研究。对MEDLINE、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science和Google Scholar进行了全面检索，并检查了纳入文章的参考文献列表。仅纳入了横断面和前瞻性队列研究。在选择过程结束时，23项研究（10项横断面研究和13项前瞻性队列研究）被纳入系统评价。关于横断面研究，最高UPF摄入量与超重/肥胖（+39%）、高腰围（+39%）、低HDL胆固醇水平（+102%）和代谢综合征（+79%）的风险显著增加相关，而未观察到与高血压、高甘油三酯血症或高甘油三酯血症的显著相关性。在前瞻性队列研究中，对183491名参与者进行了为期3.5至19年的随访，在5项研究中发现最高UPF摄入量与全因死亡风险增加相关。（风险比（RR）1·25，95% CI 1·14，1·37; P < 0·00001），3项研究中CVD风险增加（RR 1·29，95% CI 1·12，1·48; P = 0·0003），2项研究中有脑血管疾病（RR 1.34，95%CI 1.07，1.68; P = 0.01）和抑郁（RR 1.20，95%CI 1.03，1.40; P = 0.02）。总之，UPF消耗量增加与心脏代谢风险特征恶化以及CVD、脑血管疾病、抑郁症和全因死亡率风险升高相关，尽管研究数量有限。
Increasing evidence suggests that high consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is associated with an increase in non-communicable diseases, overweight and obesity. The present study systematically reviewed all observational studies that investigated the association between UPF consumption and health status. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar was conducted, and reference lists of included articles were checked. Only cross-sectional and prospective cohort studies were included. At the end of the selection process, twenty-three studies (ten cross-sectional and thirteen prospective cohort studies) were included in the systematic review. As regards the cross-sectional studies, the highest UPF consumption was associated with a significant increase in the risk of overweight/obesity (+39 %), high waist circumference (+39 %), low HDL-cholesterol levels (+102 %) and the metabolic syndrome (+79 %), while no significant associations with hypertension, hyperglycaemia or hypertriacylglycerolaemia were observed. For prospective cohort studies evaluating a total population of 183 491 participants followed for a period ranging from 3·5 to 19 years, highest UPF consumption was found to be associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in five studies (risk ratio (RR) 1·25, 95 % CI 1·14, 1·37; P < 0·00001), increased risk of CVD in three studies (RR 1·29, 95 % CI 1·12, 1·48; P = 0·0003), cerebrovascular disease in two studies (RR 1·34, 95 % CI 1·07, 1·68; P = 0·01) and depression in two studies (RR 1·20, 95 % CI 1·03, 1·40; P = 0·02). In conclusion, increased UPF consumption was associated, although in a limited number of studies, with a worse cardiometabolic risk profile and a higher risk of CVD, cerebrovascular disease, depression and all-cause mortality.