Ecology in the age of automation

Ecology in the age of automation
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自动化时代的生态学

DOI:
10.1126/science.abi4692
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
影响因子:
56.9
通讯作者:
Abelson, Eric S.
Abelson, Eric S.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Keitt, Timothy H.;Abelson, Eric S.

文献摘要

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全球变化的加速正在引发生物多样性灭绝危机,并且超出了我们追踪、监测和了解生态系统的能力,而这是传统上生态学家的工作。生态研究是一项密集的、以实地为基础的事业,依赖于训练有素的观察者的技能。这个过程既耗时又昂贵,因此限制了我们对自然世界的认识的分辨率和范围。虽然技术永远不会取代经验丰富的博物学家的直觉和广泛的技能,但生态学家不能忽视通过自动化大大扩大我们研究规模的潜力。自动化生物多样性采样的能力正在受到三个正在进行的技术发展的推动:小型、低功耗计算设备的商品化;无线通信的进展;以及机器学习领域的自动数据识别算法的爆炸式增长。自动数据收集和机器学习将彻底改变自然系统的原位研究。
The accelerating pace of global change is driving a biodiversity extinction crisis and is outstripping our ability to track, monitor, and understand ecosystems, which is traditionally the job of ecologists. Ecological research is an intensive, field-based enterprise that relies on the skills of trained observers. This process is both time-consuming and expensive, thus limiting the resolution and extent of our knowledge of the natural world. Although technology will never replace the intuition and breadth of skills of the experienced naturalist , ecologists cannot ignore the potential to greatly expand the scale of our studies through automation. The capacity to automate biodiversity sampling is being driven by three ongoing technological developments: the commoditization of small, low-power computing devices; advances in wireless communications; and an explosion in automated data-recognition algorithms in the field of machine learning. Automated data collection and machine learning are set to revolutionize in situ studies of natural systems.
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