Altering genotype and phenotype by DNA-mediated gene transfer.
Altering genotype and phenotype by DNA-mediated gene transfer.
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通过 DNA 介导的基因转移改变基因型和表型。
DOI：
10.1126/science.7414320
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发表时间：
1980
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Axel,R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pellicer,A;Robins,D;Wold,B;Sweet,R;Jackson,J;Lowy,I;Roberts,JM;Sim,GK;Silverstein,S;Axel,R
转化，或DNA介导的基因转移，允许将新的遗传信息引入细胞，并经常导致表型的变化。转化DNA最终整合到受体细胞染色体中。没有独特的染色体位置是明显的;不同的线包含不同染色体上的转化DNA。转化基因的表达经常导致新多肽产物的合成，其将适当的突变细胞恢复为野生型表型。因此，转化提供了一种体内测定特定基因的DNA序列组织的功能作用。编码选择性功能的转化基因，如腺嘌呤磷酸核糖基转移酶或胸苷激酶，现在已经通过利用转化与分子克隆相结合来分离。最后，转化可以提供一个通用的方法来分析复杂的遗传表型，允许表型变化之间的区别没有伴随的DNA和功能遗传重排的变化。
Transformation, or DNA-mediated gene transfer, permits the introduction of new genetic information into a cell and frequently results in a change in phenotype. The transforming DNA is ultimately integrated into a recipient cell chromosome. No unique chromosomal locations are apparent; different lines contain the transforming DNA on different chromosomes. Expression of transformed genes frequently results in the synthesis of new polypeptide products which restore appropriate mutant cells to the wild-type phenotype. Thus transformation provides an in vivo assay for the functional role of DNA sequence organization about specific genes. Transforming genes coding for selectable functions, such as adenine phosphoribosyltransferase or thymidine kinase, have now been isolated by utilizing transformation in concert with molecular cloning. Finally, transformation may provide a general approach to the analysis of complex heritable phenotypes by permitting the distinction between phenotypic changes without concomitant changes in DNA and functional genetic rearrangements.