The Geography of Sexual Orientation: Structural Stigma and Sexual Attraction, Behavior, and Identity Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Across 38 European Countries.
The Geography of Sexual Orientation: Structural Stigma and Sexual Attraction, Behavior, and Identity Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Across 38 European Countries.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10508-016-0819-y
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发表时间：
2017-07
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Schmidt AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pachankis JE;Hatzenbuehler ML;Mirandola M;Weatherburn P;Berg RC;Marcus U;Schmidt AJ
虽然男男性行为者(MSM)的性身份和行为因国家而异，但还没有研究将国家层面对性少数群体的结构性污名作为这种差异的相关性。基于对MSM跨国家开放的性自我认同的上下文依赖性本质的新支持，我们检查了国家层面的结构性污名作为MSM性吸引力、行为和认同感的地理差异以及这些因素之间的一致性的关键关联。数据来自欧洲男男性接触者互联网调查(EMIS)，这是一个多国家数据集，包含了38个欧洲国家(N=174,209)实施的多成分性取向评估。使用影响性少数群体的国家法律和政策以及衡量每个国家公民对性少数群体的态度来评估国家一级的耻辱。结果表明，在污名化程度较高的国家，男男性接触者报告双性恋/异性恋的吸引力、行为和身份的可能性显著高于污名化程度较低的国家，而报告这些因素的一致性的可能性则显著较低。定居点规模缓和了国家一级结构性污名与双性恋/异性恋吸引力和行为之间的关联，因此生活在结构性污名度高的国家人口稀少地区的男男性接触者最有可能报告双性恋或异性行为和吸引力。虽然之前的研究已经证明结构性污名与性少数群体的不良身心健康结果之间存在关联，但这项研究首次表明，结构性污名不仅与性取向识别有关，而且与MSM的性行为甚至吸引力也有关。这些发现对理解MSM性行为的本体论具有重要意义，并表明，通过关注围绕这一全球人口重要部分的当地背景，可以全面了解MSM的性行为。
While the sexual identity and behavior of men who have sex with men (MSM) varies across countries, no study has examined country-level structural stigma toward sexual minorities as a correlate of this variation. Drawing on emerging support for the context-dependent nature of MSM’s open sexual self-identification cross-nationally, we examined country-level structural stigma as a key correlate of the geographic variation in MSM’s sexual attraction, behavior, and identity, and concordance across these factors. Data come from the European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS), a multi-national dataset containing a multicomponent assessment of sexual orientation administered across 38 European countries (N=174,209). Country-level stigma was assessed using a combination of national laws and policies affecting sexual minorities and a measure of attitudes towards sexual minorities held by the citizens of each country. Results demonstrate that in more stigmatizing countries, MSM were significantly more likely to report bisexual/heterosexual attractions, behaviors, and identities, and significantly less likely to report concordance across these factors, than in less stigmatizing countries. Settlement size moderated associations between country-level structural stigma and odds of bisexual/heterosexual attraction and behavior, such that MSM living in sparsely populated locales within high structural stigma countries were the most likely to report bisexual or heterosexual behaviors and attractions. While previous research has demonstrated associations between structural stigma and adverse physical and mental health outcomes among sexual minorities, this study is the first to show that structural stigma is also a key correlate not only of sexual orientation identification, but also of MSM’s sexual behavior and even attraction. Findings have implications for understanding the ontology of MSM’s sexuality and suggest that a comprehensive picture of MSM’s sexuality will come from attending to the local contexts surrounding this important segment of the global population.