Trends in contraceptive need and use in developing countries in 2003, 2008, and 2012: an analysis of national surveys
Trends in contraceptive need and use in developing countries in 2003, 2008, and 2012: an analysis of national surveys
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60597-8
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发表时间：
2013-05-18
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Singh, Susheela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Darroch, Jacqueline E.;Singh, Susheela
避孕药具使用和需求趋势的数据对于指导方案和政策决定以及监测实现千年发展目标5（呼吁普及避孕药具服务）的进展情况是必要的。因此，我们的目的是估计2003年，2008年和2012年发展中国家避孕药具使用和未满足需求的趋势。方法我们从发展中国家的区域和次区域的15-49岁已婚和未婚女性的全国调查中获得数据。我们估计了希望避免怀孕的妇女人数和比例的趋势，根据她们是否使用现代避孕药具，或对现代方法的需求未得到满足（即，不使用任何方法或使用传统方法）。我们使用了三个参考年（2003年、2008年和2012年）的可比数据源和方法。全国调查数据提供了81-98%的已婚妇女使用和未满足的需要，现代methods.Findings妇女希望避免怀孕，因此需要有效的避孕措施的数量大幅增加，从716万（54%）的1321万在2003年，到827万（57%）的1448万在2008年，至2012年15.2亿人的8.67亿人（57%）。其中大部分增长（1.08亿）是由于人口增长。现代避孕方法的使用也有所增加，在希望避免怀孕的妇女中，对现代避孕方法的需求未得到满足的妇女总比例从2003年的29%（2.1亿人）下降到2012年的26%（2.22亿人）。然而，2012年，现代避孕药具需求未得到满足的比例仍然很高，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲（8 900万人中有5 300万人[60%]）、南亚（2.46亿人中有8 300万人[34%]）和西亚（2 700万人中有1 400万人[50%]）。此外，在过去的十年里，从最有效的方法绝育转向注射药物和屏障方法，可能导致使用现代方法的妇女意外怀孕的增加。解释实现理想的生育数量和健康的生育时间对妇女、家庭和社会都有重要的好处。为了满足现代避孕药具的需求，各国需要增加资源，改善获得避孕服务和用品的机会，并提供高质量的服务和大规模的公共教育干预措施，以减少社会障碍。我们的研究结果证实，在满足夫妇的生殖需求方面，存在着大量未完成的议程。
Background Data for trends in contraceptive use and need are necessary to guide programme and policy decisions and to monitor progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5, which calls for universal access to contraceptive services. We therefore aimed to estimate trends in contraceptive use and unmet need in developing countries in 2003, 2008, and 2012.Methods We obtained data from national surveys for married and unmarried women aged 15-49 years in regions and subregions of developing countries. We estimated trends in the numbers and proportions of women wanting to avoid pregnancy, according to whether they were using modern contraceptives, or had unmet need for modern methods (ie, using no methods or a traditional method). We used comparable data sources and methods for three reference years (2003, 2008, and 2012). National survey data were available for 81-98% of married women using and with unmet need for modern methods.Findings The number of women wanting to avoid pregnancy and therefore needing effective contraception increased substantially, from 716 million (54%) of 1321 million in 2003, to 827 million (57%) of 1448 million in 2008, to 867 million (57%) of 1520 million in 2012. Most of this increase (108 million) was attributable to population growth. Use of modern contraceptive methods also increased, and the overall proportion of women with unmet need for modern methods among those wanting to avoid pregnancy decreased from 29% (210 million) in 2003, to 26% (222 million) in 2012. However, unmet need for modern contraceptives was still very high in 2012, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (53 million [60%] of 89 million), south Asia (83 million [34%] of 246 million), and western Asia (14 million [50%] of 27 million). Moreover, a shift in the past decade away from sterilisation, the most effective method, towards injectable drugs and barrier methods, might have led to increases in unintended pregnancies in women using modern methods.Interpretation Achievement of the desired number and healthy timing of births has important benefits for women, families, and societies. To meet the unmet need for modern contraception, countries need to increase resources, improve access to contraceptive services and supplies, and provide high-quality services and large-scale public education interventions to reduce social barriers. Our findings confirm a substantial and unfinished agenda towards meeting of couples' reproductive needs.