Transgenerational Effects of Early Life Starvation on Growth, Reproduction, and Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans
Transgenerational Effects of Early Life Starvation on Growth, Reproduction, and Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.115.178699
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Baugh, L. Ryan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jobson, Meghan A.;Jordan, James M.;Baugh, L. Ryan
发育早期的饥饿可能会对生物体健康和疾病风险产生持久的影响。我们的特点是饥饿的长期表型后果在秀丽隐杆线虫幼虫发育早期，以确定潜在的健身效果，并将其作为一个模型的机制研究。我们改变了幼虫孵化后因饥饿而发育停滞的时间（“L1停滞”）。从长期饥饿中恢复的蠕虫生长缓慢，需要更长的时间才能繁殖，并且成年后体积较小。繁殖力也降低了，最小的个体受到的影响最严重。摄食行为受损，可能导致生长和生殖缺陷。以前饥饿的幼虫更敏感，随后的饥饿，这表明即使在恶劣的条件下健身下降。我们发现，较小的幼虫更耐热，但这种相关性并不需要通过L1阻滞。饥饿动物的后代也受到不利影响：胚胎质量下降，雄性发病率增加，后代较小，其育雏大小减少。而饥饿幼虫的子代和子代对饥饿的抗性较强。此外，后代、孙代和曾孙代对热的抗性更强，表明对饥饿和热的获得性抗性是表观遗传的。值得注意的是，这种抵抗力只遗传自第一代受饥饿影响最严重的个体，这表明了一种进化的赌注对冲策略。总之，我们的研究结果表明，饥饿会影响暴露动物及其后代的各种生活史特征，其中一些可能反映了健身成本，但其他可能是适应性的。
Starvation during early development can have lasting effects that influence organismal fitness and disease risk. We characterized the long-term phenotypic consequences of starvation during early larval development in Caenorhabditis elegans to determine potential fitness effects and develop it as a model for mechanistic studies. We varied the amount of time that larvae were developmentally arrested by starvation after hatching ("L1 arrest"). Worms recovering from extended starvation grew slowly, taking longer to become reproductive, and were smaller as adults. Fecundity was also reduced, with the smallest individuals most severely affected. Feeding behavior was impaired, possibly contributing to deficits in growth and reproduction. Previously starved larvae were more sensitive to subsequent starvation, suggesting decreased fitness even in poor conditions. We discovered that smaller larvae are more resistant to heat, but this correlation does not require passage through L1 arrest. The progeny of starved animals were also adversely affected: Embryo quality was diminished, incidence of males was increased, progeny were smaller, and their brood size was reduced. However, the progeny and grandprogeny of starved larvae were more resistant to starvation. In addition, the progeny, grandprogeny, and great-grandprogeny were more resistant to heat, suggesting epigenetic inheritance of acquired resistance to starvation and heat. Notably, such resistance was inherited exclusively from individuals most severely affected by starvation in the first generation, suggesting an evolutionary bet-hedging strategy. In summary, our results demonstrate that starvation affects a variety of life-history traits in the exposed animals and their descendants, some presumably reflecting fitness costs but others potentially adaptive.