Hypertension in unilateral renal disease
Hypertension in unilateral renal disease
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DOI：
10.1016/s0022-5347(17)71895-2
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发表时间：
1938-05-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Burkland, CF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leadbetter, WF;Burkland, CF
长期以来人们发现高血压经常与多种形式的肾脏疾病相关。下尿路长期阻塞的病例，例如良性前列腺肥大引起的阻塞，通常会出现血压升高，阻塞缓解后血压会恢复到较低或正常水平。即使在肾功能明显下降之前，弥漫性和双侧分布的内在性肾病在疾病的某些阶段多次与高血压相关。所谓的血管性肾炎、肾小球肾炎和肾盂肾炎就是此类疾病。此外，据说一半的多囊肾病与高血压有关。据报道，结节性动脉周围炎累及肾动脉时会出现高血压。关于高血压和肾脏疾病之间关系的普遍观念认为，在高血压发生之前，双侧肾脏受累是必要的。最近，人们的注意力集中在通过各种涉及肾脏损伤和干扰其血液供应的方法在动物中实验性产生高血压。在引用的参考文献中，这些方法包括切除不同数量的肾组织，结扎或不结扎肾动脉的某些分支（Janeway、Cash、Wood 和 Ethridge）、产生肾静脉瘀滞（Pedersen、Bell 和 Pedersen）、肾脏 X 射线照射（Hartman、Bolliger 和Doub），通过特殊设计的夹子收缩主肾动脉，从而可以改变和控制收缩程度（Goldblatt等人），结扎输尿管（Harrison，Mason，Resnik和Rainey），注射正常和患病肾脏的提取物（Tigerstedt和Bergmann，Harrison，Blalock和Prinzmetal和Friedman）。这项实验工作表明，可以通过多种方法在动物中产生高血压，但最令人满意的是戈德布拉特和他的同事的方法，他们表明部分收缩狗的一个肾脏会导致血压适度升高，并趋于恢复到对照时期的水平。两者部分收缩
It has long been observed that hypertension is frequently associated with renal disease of many forms. Cases of long standing obstruction in the lower urinary tract such as those due to benign prostatic hypertrophy are commonly found to have an elevated blood pressure· which returns to a lower or normal level after relief of the obstruction. Intrinsic renal disease of a diffuse and bilateral distribution is many times associated with hypertension at some stage of the disease even before a diminution in renal function becomes manifest. So-called vascular nephritis, glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis are diseases of this type. In addition polycystic kidney disease is said to be associated with hypertension in fully half the cases. Hypertension has been reported in periarteritis nodosa in which there was involvement of the renal arteries. The prevailing conception of the relationship between hypertension and renal diseases has assumed that bilateral renal involvement was necessary before hypertension resulted. Recently attention has been directed to the experimental production of hypertension in animals by various methods involving injury to the kidneys and interference with their blood supply.. These methods, in the references cited, have consisted of excision of varying amounts of renal tissue with or without ligation of some branches of the renal arteries (Janeway, Cash, Wood and Ethridge), production of renal venous stasis (Pedersen, Bell and Pedersen), irradiation of the kidneys x-ray (Hartman, Bolliger and Doub), constriction of the main renal arteries by a specially devised clamp whereby the degree of constriction can be varied and controlled (Goldblatt et al.), ligation of ureters (Harrison, Mason, Resnik and Rainey), injections of extracts of normal and diseased kidneys (Tigerstedt and Bergmann, Harrison, Blalock and Prinzmetal and Friedman). From this experimental work it has been shown that hypertension can be produced in animals by a variety of methods, but the most satisfactory is the method of Goldblatt and his co-workers who showed that partial constriction of one renal in dogs results in a moderate rise in blood pressure which tends to return to the level of the control period. Partial constriction of both