Mechanical cell injury
Mechanical cell injury
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1363.006
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barbee, Kenneth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barbee, Kenneth A.
身体组织不断受到外力(如重力)和内生力(如抽血或肌肉收缩)的机械刺激。在一定的生理范围内，这些力量会迅速地(迅速改变功能)和长期地(重塑组织结构以优化承载能力)引发适应性反应。当力量超过一定的阈值时，就会造成伤害。为了在细胞水平上理解机械损伤的机制，我们必须分析细胞对各种变形模式的结构响应，并研究创伤引起的结构变化的生物学后果。本章综述了细胞膜变形和破坏的机制。对于各种类型的细胞，都有应变率相关的、瞬时的细胞膜破裂或机械化的证据。结构损伤和生物后遗症之间的复杂相互作用用临床相关的细胞损伤形式来说明。最后，描述了针对膜完整性的新的治疗方法。
The tissues of the body are continually subjected to mechanical stimulation by external forces, such as gravity, and internally generated forces, such as the pumping of blood or muscle contraction. Within a physiological range, the forces elicit adaptive responses acutely (to rapidly alter function) and chronically (to remodel tissue structure to optimize load-bearing capabilities). When the forces exceed certain thresholds, injury results. To understand the mechanisms of mechanical injury at the cellular level, we must analyze the structural response of the cell to various modes of deformation and examine the biological consequences of the structural alterations caused by the trauma. This chapter reviews the mechanics of cell membrane deformation and failure. Evidence for the strain-rate-dependent, transient disruption of cell membranes, or mechanoporation, is presented for a variety of cell types. The complex interactions between the structural damage and the biological sequelae are illustrated using clinically relevant forms of cell injury. Finally, novel therapeutic approaches targeting membrane integrity are described.