Posttraumatic stress symptom dimensions and brain responses to startling auditory stimuli in combat veterans.
Posttraumatic stress symptom dimensions and brain responses to startling auditory stimuli in combat veterans.
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退伍军人的创伤后应激症状维度和大脑对令人震惊的听觉刺激的反应。
DOI：
10.1037/abn0000552
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Sponheim,ScottR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marquardt,CraigA;Pokorny,VictorJ;Kang,SeungSuk;Cuthbert,BruceN;Sponheim,ScottR
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的特点是情绪功能、生理反应和注意力的改变。对声惊吓刺激的神经反应可以用来理解与这些改变相关的大脑功能。对PTSD惊吓反应的研究结果不一致，这可能反映了这种疾病的异质性。此外，很少有人知道如何共同发生的轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI;即脑震荡）可能会影响神经反应。我们研究了事件相关电位（ERPs）的战斗老兵（n= 102），以声学惊吓探头提供在观看愉快的，中性的，不愉快的，和战斗相关的图片。基于访谈的评估产生了PTSD和mTBI的维度特征。在所有的情感相对于中性图片，但未能与创伤后应激障碍的诊断P3 ERP反应惊吓探针减少。然而，无论图片条件如何，两个可分离的PTSD记忆领域与惊吓ERPs相关。适应不良回避与较小的N1，P2和P3振幅，而侵入性再体验与较大的P2振幅。mTBI无主要影响。研究结果表明，创伤后应激障碍的水平，而不是一个正式的诊断更好地解释了创伤事件后神经反应的改变，而轻微的脑损伤几乎没有影响。PTSD的回避症状可能会抑制神经功能，促进重新定向到威胁，而创伤事件的侵入性重新体验似乎会提高感觉反应。考虑创伤学的具体方面提供了对创伤相关精神病理学的神经基础的深入了解，并可能有助于指导临床干预的个性化。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022阿帕，保留所有权利）
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is marked by alterations in emotional functioning, physiological reactivity, and attention. Neural reactivity to acoustic startle stimuli can be used to understand brain functions related to these alterations. Investigations of startle reactivity in PTSD have yielded inconsistent findings, which may reflect the heterogeneity of the disorder. Furthermore, little is known of how the common co-occurrence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; ie, concussion) may influence neural reactivity. We examined the event-related potentials (ERPs) of combat veterans (n= 102) to acoustic startle probes delivered during viewing of pleasant, neutral, unpleasant, and combat-related pictures. Interview-based assessments yielded dimensional characterizations of PTSD and mTBI. The P3 ERP response to startle probes was reduced during all affective relative to neutral pictures but failed to be associated with a PTSD diagnosis. However, two separable domains of PTSD symptomatology were associated with startle ERPs regardless of the picture conditions. Maladaptive avoidance was associated with smaller N1, P2, and P3 amplitudes, while intrusive reexperiencing was associated with larger P2 amplitudes. There were no main effects of mTBI. Findings suggest that level of symptomatology rather than a formal diagnosis of PTSD better explains alterations in neural reactivity after traumatic events, while mild brain injuries have little impact. Avoidance symptoms of PTSD may dampen neural functions that facilitate reorientation to threat while intrusive reexperiencing of traumatic events appears to heighten sensory reactivity. Considering specific aspects of symptomatology provides insight into the neural basis of trauma-related psychopathology and may help guide individualization of clinical interventions.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)