NOUNS AND VERBS ARE RETRIEVED WITH DIFFERENTLY DISTRIBUTED NEURAL SYSTEMS
NOUNS AND VERBS ARE RETRIEVED WITH DIFFERENTLY DISTRIBUTED NEURAL SYSTEMS
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.90.11.4957
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发表时间：
1993-06-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
TRANEL, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DAMASIO, AR;TRANEL, D
在一项旨在引出动词产生的任务中，被称为AN-1033和博斯韦尔的患者始终能够产生正确的目标词，表现与正常对照组没有区别。然而，在一项旨在引发名词产生的类似任务中，两名患者的表现都相当有缺陷，他们的分数比对照组低很多SD。语言处理在其他方面是正常的，在语法、形态、语音实施或韵律方面没有损伤;阅读和书写正常。在第三例患者（KJ-1360）中，我们获得了相反的结果-即，普通名词和专有名词的检索得到保留，但动词检索有缺陷。总之，在三个病人的研究结果构成了名词和动词提取之间的双重分离。在AN-1033和博斯韦尔中，病变位于所谓的语言区（左额顶叶盖、后颞区、顶下小叶）之外，此处的损伤与失语症相关。两例患者的共同损害部位均位于左前颞叶和左中颞叶。左半球的这个区域包含了提取表示具体实体的名词的系统。我们建议，这些系统是不是必不可少的动词的检索，并不参与语音实现的单词形式。这些系统对具体名词起着双向的词汇中介作用，并在处理该词所指实体的感觉运动特征后促进词形的重构。KJ-1360患者的研究结果表明，动词的等效中介系统位于左额叶区域，该患者的病变位于左前运动皮层。
In a task designed to elicit the production of verbs, the patients known as AN-1033 and Boswell consistently produced the correct target words, performing no differently from normal controls. However, in a similar task designed to elicit the production of nouns, both patients performed quite defectively, and their scores were many SDs below those of controls. Language processing was otherwise normal-i.e., there were no impairments in grammar, morphology, phonetic implementation, or prosody; reading and writing were normal. In a third patient (KJ-1360), we obtained the reverse outcome-i.e., retrieval of common and proper nouns was preserved, but verb retrieval was defective. Together, the findings in the three patients constitute a double dissociation between noun and verb retrieval. In AN-1033 and Boswell, the lesions are located outside the so-called language areas (left frontoparietal operculum, posterior temporal region, inferior parietal lobule), where damage is associated with aphasia. The region of damage shared by the two patients is in left anterior and middle temporal lobe. This sector of left hemisphere contains systems for the retrieval of nouns that denote concrete entities. We propose that those systems are not essential for the retrieval of verbs and are not involved in the vocal implementation of word forms. Those systems perform a two-way lexical-mediation role for concrete nouns and promote the reconstruction of a word form after the processing of sensory-motor characteristics of the entity denoted by that word. The findings in patient KJ-1360, whose lesion is in left premotor cortex, suggest that equivalent mediation systems for verbs are located in the left frontal region.