Rheumatology
Rheumatology
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DOI：
10.1136/adc.84.suppl_1.a53
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发表时间：
2001-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. R. Blake
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. R. Blake
第31章概述了风湿病学，风湿病研究包括关节、软组织和骨骼，还包括结缔组织疾病、血管血管炎和一些自身免疫性疾病。本章概述了风湿病的模式（例如单关节病、少关节病和多关节病），疾病的对称与不对称表现，并解释了如何尝试区分炎症性和非炎症性疾病。本章提供了常用药物治疗的信息，包括处方不当的甲氨蝶呤的危险副作用。建议进行病史和详细的手部检查，有类风湿关节炎的临床症状：天鹅颈畸形、Boutonniere畸形、拇指Z型畸形、Bouchard淋巴结（近端指间关节）、Heberden淋巴结（远端指间关节、第一掌指关节）、手指尺偏（掌指关节）、手腕桡侧偏、半脱位。讨论了最常见的风湿病，包括类风湿关节炎、脊椎关节病、强直性脊柱炎、银屑病关节炎、痛风和骨质疏松症（包括骨质疏松症危险因素的“MESSAGE”记忆法）。教堂山的血管分类也包括在内。
Chapter 31 gives an overview of rheumatology, the study of rheumatic conditions which can involve the joints, soft tissues, and bones and also comprises connective tissue disorders, vasculitides, and a number of autoimmune conditions. The chapter outlines patterns of rheumatological disease (e.g. mono-, oligo-, and polyarthropathies), symmetrical versus asymmetrical presentations of disease, and explains how to try and differentiate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory disorders. The chapter provides information on common drug treatments, including dangerous side effects from improperly prescribed methotrexate. Advice is given on history taking and detailed hand examination, with clinical signs of rheumatoid arthritis: Swan neck deformity, Boutonniere’s deformity, Z deformity of thumb, Bouchard’s nodes (proximal interphalangeal joint), Heberden’s nodes (distal interphalangeal joint, first metacarpophalangeal joint), finger ulnar deviation (metacarpophalangeal joint), and wrist radial deviation and subluxation. The most common rheumatological disorders are discussed, including rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, and osteoporosis (including the ‘MESSAGE’ mnemonic for osteoporosis risk factors). The Chapel Hill classification for vasculitides is also covered.