Herbarium specimens show contrasting phenological responses to Himalayan climate
Herbarium specimens show contrasting phenological responses to Himalayan climate
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植物标本显示出对喜马拉雅气候的不同物候反应
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1403376111
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发表时间：
2014-07-22
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Xu, Jianchu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hart, Robbie;Salick, Jan;Xu, Jianchu
开花植物对气候变化的反应是复杂的，而且才刚刚开始被理解。通过对1884年以来由植物猎人和植物学家收集的10，295份喜马拉雅杜鹃标本的分析，我们能够将这些反应分为重要组分。我们发现，在过去45年的快速变暖中，平均开花时间缺乏方向性变化。然而，在整个125年的收集，平均开花时间显示出显着的响应，每年的温度变化，这种响应随季节变暖。平均开花提前与每年变暖（2.27天提前每1摄氏度变暖），也与秋季变暖（2.54天后每1摄氏度变暖）延迟。每年的变暖可能会提前开花，通过对越冬芽形成的积极影响，而秋季变暖可能会延迟开花，通过对冷需求的影响。缺乏一个方向性的反应表明，对比物候对温度变化的反应可能掩盖了植物的温度敏感性。通过借鉴多个标本馆的大型藏品，超过一个世纪，我们展示了这些数据可能会通知研究，即使是偏远地区，我们强调这些和其他自然历史收藏在了解长期变化的价值越来越大。
Responses by flowering plants to climate change are complex and only beginning to be understood. Through analyses of 10,295 herbarium specimens of Himalayan Rhododendron collected by plant hunters and botanists since 1884, we were able to separate these responses into significant components. We found a lack of directional change in mean flowering time over the past 45 y of rapid warming. However, over the full 125 y of collections, mean flowering time shows a significant response to year-to-year changes in temperature, and this response varies with season of warming. Mean flowering advances with annual warming (2.27 d earlier per 1 degrees C warming), and also is delayed with fall warming (2.54 d later per 1 degrees C warming). Annual warming may advance flowering through positive effects on overwintering bud formation, whereas fall warming may delay flowering through an impact on chilling requirements. The lack of a directional response suggests that contrasting phenological responses to temperature changes may obscure temperature sensitivity in plants. By drawing on large collections from multiple herbaria, made over more than a century, we show how these data may inform studies even of remote localities, and we highlight the increasing value of these and other natural history collections in understanding long-term change.