Human-centered Explainable AI: Towards a Reflective Sociotechnical Approach
Human-centered Explainable AI: Towards a Reflective Sociotechnical Approach
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-60117-1_33
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发表时间：
2020-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Upol Ehsan;Mark O. Riedl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Upol Ehsan;Mark O. Riedl
随着人工智能不断扩散复杂而敏感的社会技术系统，解释（事后可解释性的一种形式）在使系统易于访问方面发挥着重要作用。在本文中，我们介绍了以人为中心的可解释人工智能（HCXAI），作为一种将人类置于技术设计中心的方法。它通过考虑价值观的相互作用、人际动态以及人工智能系统的社会定位性质，对人类“是谁”产生了全面的理解。我们特别提倡反思性的社会技术方法。我们通过针对非技术最终用户的解释系统的案例研究来说明 HCXAI，该系统展示了技术进步和对人为因素的理解如何共同发展。在案例研究的基础上，我们提出了一些开放性的研究问题，以进一步完善我们对人类“是谁”的理解，并超越一对一的人机交互。最后，我们提出反思性 HCXAI 范式——以关键技术实践的视角为中介，并辅以 HCI 的策略，例如价值敏感设计和参与式设计——不仅有助于我们理解我们的智力盲点，而且还可以开辟新的设计和研究空间。
Explanations—a form of post-hoc interpretability—play an instrumental role in making systems accessible as AI continues to proliferate complex and sensitive sociotechnical systems. In this paper, we introduce Human-centered Explainable AI (HCXAI) as an approach that puts the human at the center of technology design. It develops a holistic understanding of“who” the human isby considering the interplay of values, interpersonal dynamics, and the socially situated nature of AI systems. In particular, we advocate for areflective sociotechnicalapproach. We illustrate HCXAI through a case study of an explanation system for non-technical end-users that shows how technical advancements and the understanding of human factors co-evolve. Building on the case study, we lay out open research questions pertaining to further refining our understanding of “who” the human is and extending beyond 1-to-1 human-computer interactions. Finally, we propose that areflectiveHCXAI paradigm—mediated through the perspective of Critical Technical Practice and supplemented with strategies from HCI, such as value-sensitive design and participatory design—not only helps us understand our intellectual blind spots, but it can also open up new design and research spaces.