The cosmological constant
The cosmological constant
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DOI：
10.1007/s10714-007-0557-5
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
R. Bousso
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Bousso
真空的能量密度Λ至少比已知的几个对真空的贡献小60个数量级。解决这个问题的方法受到从基础观测到精确实验的各种数据的严格限制。在没有压倒性的相反证据的情况下，暗能量只能被解释为真空能量，所以古老的假设Λ=0与观测相冲突。Λ基本上是可变的，尽管在大的时空区域是恒定的，这种可能性仍然存在。这可以解释观测值，但只能在满足一些限制性运动学和动力学条件的理论中解释。弦理论通过其亚稳态真空的图景提供了一种具体的实现。
The energy density of the vacuum, Λ, is at least 60 orders of magnitude smaller than several known contributions to it. Approaches to this problem are tightly constrained by data ranging from elementary observations to precision experiments. Absent overwhelming evidence to the contrary, dark energy can only be interpreted as vacuum energy, so the venerable assumption that Λ = 0 conflicts with observation. The possibility remains that Λ is fundamentally variable, though constant over large spacetime regions. This can explain the observed value, but only in a theory satisfying a number of restrictive kinematic and dynamical conditions. String theory offers a concrete realization through its landscape of metastable vacua.