An RNA Virome Associated to the Golden Orb-Weaver Spider Nephila clavipes.
An RNA Virome Associated to the Golden Orb-Weaver Spider Nephila clavipes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2017.02097
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Debat HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Debat HJ
金色球织蜘蛛 Nephila clavipes 因其性别大小二态性而闻名，在新大陆数量众多且分布广泛。最近报道了第一个带注释的球织蜘蛛基因组，探索了棒状网蛛（N. clavipes）。这项研究主要关注丝特定基因的多样性，揭示了蜘蛛复杂的进化史。此外，强大的转录组分析为棒猪笼草 RNA 调查提供了大量资源。在这里，我提供了与棒猪笼草和事实上的nephilids相关的前10种现存病毒物种对应的病毒序列的证据。这些假定的新物种与 ssRNA 正链病毒（如小核糖核酸病毒目）以及 ssRNA 负链病毒和 dsRNA 病毒有关。此外，我检测到了最近报道的两种节肢动物病毒新毒株的序列数据，这补充和扩展了相应的序列参考。鉴定出的病毒似乎是完整的，具有潜在的功能，并呈现出典型的结构和一致的病毒结构域。检测到的序列的内在性质以及它们在最近生成的基因组组装中的缺失表明它们对应于真正的RNA病毒序列。现有的RNA数据首次能够对蜘蛛中的病毒载量/存在进行组织/器官特异性分析，表明试验性病毒存在复杂的空间和差异分布，包括蜘蛛脑以及丝腺和毒腺。直到最近，与蜘蛛相关的病毒景观仍然难以捉摸。这里描述的发现的病毒仅提供了蜘蛛病毒圈潜在规模的零散一瞥。未来的研究不仅应侧重于补充和扩展这些发现，还应侧重于解决这些病毒的潜在生态作用，这可能会影响这些杰出节肢动物物种的生物学。
The golden orb-weaver spider Nephila clavipes, known for its sexual size dimorphism, is abundant and widespread in the New World. The first annotated genome of orb-weaver spiders, exploring N. clavipes, has recently been reported. The study, focused primarily on the diversity of silk specific genes, shed light into the complex evolutionary history of spiders. Furthermore, a robust transcriptome analysis provided a massive resource for N. clavipes RNA survey. Here, I present evidence of viral sequences corresponding to the first 10 extant virus species associated to N. clavipes and indeed, nephilids. The putatively new species are linked to ssRNA positive-strand viruses, such as Picornavirales, and to ssRNA negative-strand and dsRNA viruses. In addition, I detected sequence data of new strains of two recently reported arthropod viruses, which complemented and extended the corresponding sequence references. The identified viruses appear to be complete, potentially functional, and presenting the typical architecture and consistent viral domains. The intrinsic nature of the detected sequences and their absence in the recently generated genome assembly, suggest that they correspond to bona fide RNA virus sequences. The available RNA data allowed for the first time to address a tissue/organ specific analysis of virus loads/presence in spiders, suggesting a complex spatial and differential distribution of the tentative viruses, encompassing the spider brain and also silk and venom glands. Until recently, the virus landscape associated to spiders remained elusive. The discovered viruses described here provide only a fragmented glimpse of the potential magnitude of the Aranea virosphere. Future studies should focus not only on complementing and expanding these findings, but also on addressing the potential ecological role of these viruses, which might influence the biology of these outstanding arthropod species.